’WPC  F›Ā>r1yéŃfC’ ¼ńŃŪNŸÓŸ-—±{ `’łNT#Ibüˆ”æ&„ĶE •±–V¼Å)ĢRhŌkC§@x™z<m.”iĀ½‡PĮ®Pµ\Dķż W»Półw^81DzS7tZ*h€į KD°-˜ŽńĀfxqœÜL¶„S‰ €1ųū wŗ'ļ…’½"V‹qs¶(ź³ą“łņgÆéķ÷õāv˜ż³ä–}²Ēū„õł^µõ›ūnQ Ķś#_]óļĒPQz&ƒųāœ źP“ÖCųća"ńUĶ²;1qę±i?u*“Šö… ÷VįCq_Jūfjķ÷i<”Lž#—†˜čkū‹Ū¼ čÄĄ<>¬ļ[ŪM‰ųpv= •ŒÓ9‹īÅOĖæõŖīø/““¹£X02!ųž)¶™-P®'Ģø…@ŲĮeėz~ _v‰«®9Ó-4o¶ÄM#—ń¶ąŲ Ū}RXŻ55võ ®rµ÷kŠ_AźV¶[;(Š 4"Ų“żBÖ.$_!žH¹Ź@Ż’č%ŁŚųCąy9’0Kö‹ŽH›%Ūq‚Ō™¾b½¾żµ°ĒO†»I¶ŒĢŪ+iķwĘR 2į”#ĮąUN” %ļ 0:õ^ /w;4?Sb mdN{UF}bĆU8Ė˜Adobe PDFČ,,,,Č0&Öd9 Z‹6Times New Roman RegularX(üœ$””ŌUSUS.,Ō›.1ā aaģ0ź:i¢×+003|x%’U‹’ĄĄĄ<4šŪ 9Z+‹.Courier New Regular- ł-<4šŪ 9Z+ Courier New  Ż ƒüœ!ŻŌUSUS.,ŌŻ  ŻŌ_ŌŃX°ŃŌ€ Xī¾XXXŌŃ€ ŃŃ8€0XXdédČ8ŃŃ  Ńą@ø ø ģąCOURT€OF€APPEALS€STANDING€COMMITTEEˆŠ ° Šą@ō ō ģąņņON€RULES€OF€PRACTICE€AND€PROCEDUREóóˆŠ ‡× ŠĢĢĢÓӀ€€€€Minutes€of€a€meeting€of€the€Rules€Committee€held€in€RoomŠ ć3 Šll00A€of€the€Peopleššs€Resource€Center,€100€Community€Place,Š ‘ į ŠCrownsville,€Maryland€on€April€16,€2004.Š ?   ŠÓÓĢą  ąMembers€present:Š Ä  ŠĢHon.€Joseph€F.€Murphy,€Jr.,€ChairŠ rĀ  ŠLinda€M.€Schuett,€Esq.,€Vice€ChairŠ I™  ŠĢF.€Vernon€Boozer,€Esq.ą0 h ąą0Ąh(#h(#ąą0Ą(#Ą(#ąTimothy€F.€Maloney,€Esq.Š÷G(#(# ŠLowell€R.€Bowen,€Esq.ą0 h ąą0Ąh(#h(#ąą0Ą(#Ą(#ąHon.€John€F.€McAuliffeŠĪ(#(# ŠAlbert€D.€Brault,€Esq.ą0 h ąą0Ąh(#h(#ąą0Ą(#Ą(#ąRobert€R.€Michael,€Esq.Š„õ(#(# ŠRobert€L.€Dean,€Esq.ą0 h ąą0Ąh(#h(#ąą0Ą(#Ą(#ąHon.€William€D.€MissouriŠ|Ģ(#(# ŠHon.€James€W.€Drydeną0 h ąą0Ąh(#h(#ąą0Ą(#Ą(#ąHon.€John€L.€Norton,€IIIŠS£(#(# ŠHon.€Ellen€M.€Hellerą0 h ąą0Ąh(#h(#ąą0Ą(#Ą(#ąAnne€C.€Ogletree,€Esq.Š*z(#(# ŠHon.€G.€R.€Hovey€Johnsoną0 h ąą0Ąh(#h(#ąą0Ą(#Ą(#ąDebbie€L.€Potter,€Esq.ŠQ(#(# ŠHarry€S.€Johnson,€Esq.ą0 h ąą0Ąh(#h(#ąą0Ą(#Ą(#ąLarry€W.€Shipley,€ClerkŠŲ((#(# ŠHon.€Joseph€H.€H.€Kaplaną0 h ąą0Ąh(#h(#ąą0Ą(#Ą(#ąMelvin€J.€Sykes,€Esq.ŠÆ’(#(# ŠRichard€M.€Karceski,€Esq.ą0 Ą ąą0Ą(#Ą(#ąRobert€A.€Zarnoch,€Esq.Š†Ö(#(# ŠRobert€D.€Klein,€Esq.Š ]­ ŠĢĢą  ąIn€attendance:Š ā2 ŠĢSandra€F.€Haines,€Esq.,€ReporterŠ ą  ŠSherie€B.€Libber,€Esq.,€Assistant€ReporterŠ g ·! ŠAlice€Neff€Lucan,€Esq.Š >!Ž" ŠCarol€D.€Melamed,€Esq.Š "e# ŠSally€W.€Rankin,€Court€Information€OfficerŠ ģ"<$ ŠĢĢÓÓą  ąThe€Chair€convened€the€meeting.€€He€said€that€Agenda€Item€2Š q%Į ' Šwould€be€considered€first.Š 'o") ŠÓÓĢAgenda€Item€2.€€Consideration€of€Policy€Questions€concerning€€€Š ¤)ō$, ŠAccess€to€Videotape€and€Audiotape€Recordings€of€CourtŠ {*Ė%- Š€€Proceedings€(See€Appendix€1)Š R+¢&. Š________________________________________________________________Š ),y'/ ŠĢĢÓÓŠ  ®.ž)2 Šą  ąThe€Chair€said€that€the€guests€present€for€Agenda€Item€2Š ° Šwere€Alice€Lucan,€Esq.,€Carol€Melamed,€Esq.,€and€Sally€Rankin€ofŠ ^® Šthe€Administrative€Office€of€the€Courts€Information€Office.€€TheŠ  \ ŠVice€Chair€told€the€Committee€that€a€subcommittee€dealing€withŠ ŗ  Šthe€issue€of€access€to€court€records€met€in€March.€€One€of€theŠ h ø Šquestions€discussed€was€what€the€rule€should€be€with€respect€toŠ  f  Šaccess€to€videotapes€and€audiotapes€of€court€proceedings.€Š Ä  ŠCurrent€Rule€16„406,€Access€to€Videotape€Recordings€ofŠ rĀ  ŠProceedings€in€the€Circuit€Court,€allows€no€direct€access€toŠ  p  Švideotape€recordings€of€court€proceedings.€€A€party€to€the€actionŠ Ī Šmay€obtain€a€copy€of€the€recording.€€Persons€other€than€partiesŠ |Ģ Šmay€obtain€a€copy€of€a€videotape€after€judgment€has€been€enteredŠ *z Šin€the€case,€if€the€requirements€of€section€(d)€of€the€Rule€areŠ Ų( Šmet.€€Rule€16„404,€Administration€of€Court€Reporters,€providesŠ †Ö Šfor€audiotapes€of€proceedings€but€does€not€provide€who€has€accessŠ 4„ Što€audiotapes.€€Rule€VI€of€the€District€Court€AdministrativeŠ ā2 ŠRegulations,€Access€to€District€Court€Recordings,€states€that€aŠ ą  Šparty€may€be€permitted€to€listen€to€the€recording€of€a€trial;€aŠ >!Ž" Šnon„party€is€not€entitled€to€listen€to€the€audiotape€but€may€beŠ ģ"<$ Špermitted€to€obtain€a€copy€of€it.€€However,€the€court€may€waiveŠ š$ź& Šthe€provisions€of€the€regulation€and€permit€a€non„party€to€listenŠ H&˜!( Što€the€recording€of€a€case.€€Code,€Criminal€Procedure€Article,Š ö'F#* Ššš1„201,€provides€that€a€person€may€not€record€or€broadcast€anyŠ ¤)ō$, Šcriminal€matter€that€is€heard€in€a€trial€court€or€before€a€grandŠ R+¢&. Šjury.Š -P(0 Šą  ąThe€Vice€Chair€said€that€this€issue€has€been€discussed€manyŠ ®.ž)2 Štimes,€and€now€that€the€Court€of€Appeals€has€adopted€RulesŠ ° Špertaining€to€access€to€court€records,€the€related€issues€surfaceŠ ^® Šagain.€€The€Rules€in€new€Title€16,€Chapter€1000,€Access€to€CourtŠ  \ ŠRecords,€adopted€effective€October€1,€2004,€are€in€the€materialsŠ ŗ  Šfor€todayššs€meeting.€€Rule€16„1006,€Required€Denial€ofŠ h ø ŠInspection„š!šCertain€Categories€of€Case€Records,€requires€theŠ  f  Šcustodian€of€court€records€to€deny€inspection€of€certain€records.€Š Ä  ŠThe€Rule€states,€as€follows:€š šExcept€as€otherwise€provided€byŠ rĀ  Šlaw,€the€Rules€in€this€Chapter,€or€court€order,€the€custodianŠ  p  Šshall€deny€inspection€of...[a]€transcript,€tape€recording,€audio,Š Ī Švideo,€or€digital€recording€of€any€court€proceeding€that€wasŠ |Ģ Šclosed€to€the€public€pursuant€to€rule€or€order€of€court.šš€€TheŠ *z ŠCommittee€note€to€the€Rule€provides€that€there€may€be€other€lawsŠ Ų( Šthat€shield€other€kinds€of€court€records.€€€Š †Ö Šą  ąThe€Honorable€Robert€M.€Bell,€Chief€Judge€of€the€Court€ofŠ 4„ ŠAppeals,€wrote€a€memorandum€to€the€circuit€court€administrativeŠ ā2 Šjudges€in€July€of€2002€asking€the€judges€to€clarify€how€theyŠ ą  Šhandle€access€to€videotape€recordings€of€court€proceedings.€€AŠ >!Ž" Šcopy€of€the€memorandum€is€in€the€meeting€materials.€€See€AppendixŠ ģ"<$ Š1.€€Also€included€in€the€meeting€materials€are€the€results€of€aŠ š$ź& Šsurvey€of€courts€around€the€state€pertaining€to€their€proceduresŠ H&˜!( Šfor€recording€court€proceedings€and€several€sets€of€minutes€ofŠ ö'F#* ŠRules€Committee€meetings€at€which€access€to€audiotapes€andŠ ¤)ō$, Švideotapes€was€discussed.€€See€Appendix€1.€€The€SubcommitteeŠ R+¢&. Šlooked€at€some€of€these€items€before€drafting€its€policyŠ -P(0 Šquestions.€€These€are€listed€in€the€memorandum€to€members€of€theŠ ®.ž)2 ŠRules€Committee€from€the€Reporter€dated€April€6,€2004,€a€copy€ofŠ ° Šwhich€is€located€in€the€meeting€materials.€€See€Appendix€1.€€SomeŠ ^® Šof€the€discussion€in€the€enclosed€sets€of€Minutes€reflect€thatŠ  \ Šthe€idea€of€including€audiotapes€in€the€Rules€was€considered.€Š ŗ  ŠThe€Subcommittee€believes€that€the€two€kinds€of€tapes€should€beŠ h ø Štreated€the€same€in€the€Rules€and€that€the€District€CourtŠ  f  Špractice€should€remain€as€it€is.€Š Ä  Šą  ąThe€Chair€asked€the€Rules€Committee€for€its€opinion.€€JudgeŠ rĀ  ŠHeller€commented€that,€unless€televised€proceedings€of€trials€areŠ  p  Šallowed,€there€should€be€some€distinction€between€audiotapes€andŠ Ī Švideotapes.€€Transcripts€of€trials€are€available,€and€inŠ |Ģ ŠBaltimore€City,€members€of€the€media€are€permitted€to€viewŠ *z Švideotapes.€€€Trials€should€not€be€allowed€on€television€forŠ Ų( Šsecurity€and€other€reasons.€€It€is€easier€to€disregard€the€factŠ †Ö Šthat€a€proceeding€is€being€videotaped€(an€innovation€suggested€byŠ 4„ ŠJudge€Kaplan)€as€long€as€it€will€not€be€shown€to€the€public.€€TheŠ ā2 ŠVice€Chair€explained€that€the€Subcommittee€does€not€recommendŠ ą  Šgreater€access€to€videotapes.€€The€Rule€is€silent€as€to€access€toŠ >!Ž" Šaudiotapes.€€The€Subcommittee€is€proposing€that€the€access€be€theŠ ģ"<$ Šsame€as€the€access€to€videotapes.€€€Š š$ź& Šą  ąJudge€Missouri€said€that€he€supports€the€concept€that€thereŠ H&˜!( Šshould€not€be€a€dichotomy€in€the€way€audiotapes€and€videotapesŠ ö'F#* Šare€treated.€€The€Rules€provide€for€controls€in€videotape€andŠ ¤)ō$, Šaudiotape€access.€€The€Vice€Chair€added€that€the€consensus€of€theŠ R+¢&. ŠSubcommittee€is€to€agree€with€Judge€Missouri.€€It€would€not€be€aŠ -P(0 Šgood€idea€to€see€or€hear€on€the€evening€news€the€testimony€of€aŠ ®.ž)2 Šwitness.€€The€Chair€pointed€out€that€there€are€situations€whereŠ ° Šno€transcript€of€a€trial€is€available.€€The€justification€forŠ ^® Švideotaping€trials€is€that€the€devices€are€cost„saving,€sinceŠ  \ Šthey€substitute€for€a€court€reporter€who€would€have€to€be€presentŠ ŗ  Šduring€the€entire€trial,€even€if€he€or€she€does€not€subsequentlyŠ h ø Šprepare€a€transcript€of€the€proceedings.€€Videotaping€is€for€theŠ  f  Šcourtššs€benefit;€an€interested€person€could€be€satisfied€with€aŠ Ä  Štranscript€of€a€trial.€€District€Court€cases€are€all€audiotapedŠ rĀ  Šand€may€not€be€transcribed.€€If€the€case€is€appealed€and€there€isŠ  p  Ša€ņņde€novoóó€trial€in€the€circuit€court,€an€attorney€handling€theŠ Ī Šcase€may€benefit€from€finding€out€about€the€proceedings€in€theŠ €Š ŠDistrict€Court.€€However,€there€is€no€transcript€available.€€€Š .~ Šą  ąJudge€Dryden€noted€that€Ms.€Rankin€was€present€at€theŠ Ü, ŠSubcommittee€meeting.€€Her€research€had€indicated€that€a€majorityŠ ŠŚ Šof€the€states€have€more€access€to€audiotapes€and€videotapes€thanŠ 8ˆ Šthe€extent€of€access€that€is€being€suggested€for€Maryland.€€Ms.Š ę6 ŠRankin€added€that€the€states€are€divided€into€three€tiers,€andŠ ”ä  ŠMaryland€is€in€the€tier€with€the€most€limited€access.€€JudgeŠ B!’" ŠDryden€remarked€that€the€new€Rules€in€Title€16,€Chapter€1000Š š"@$ Špermit€greater€access€to€court€records.€€If€there€are€problems€inŠ ž$ī& Šspecific€cases,€the€judge€can€restrict€access.€€He€added€that€inŠ L&œ!( Šhis€experience,€if€the€media€requests€access€and€the€judge€grantsŠ ś'J#* Šit,€the€media€often€loses€interest.€€Š Ø)ų$, Šą  ąMr.€Brault€questioned€as€to€whether€the€tape€of€a€videotapedŠ V+¦&. Štrial€is€transcribed€for€appeal€purposes€or€whether€the€appellateŠ -T(0 Šcourt€views€the€videotape.€€The€Chair€responded€that€the€Court€ofŠ ° ŠSpecial€Appeals€receives€requests€for€its€judges€to€view€theŠ ^® Štapes,€and€most€of€the€requests€are€denied€unless€a€good€reasonŠ  \ Šexists.€€The€tapes€are€sent€to€a€transcribing€service,€just€asŠ ŗ  Šaudiotapes€are,€and€a€transcriber€prepares€a€written€transcript.€Š h ø ŠThe€original€tapes€remain€in€circuit€court€unless€a€request€toŠ  f  Štransmit€them€to€the€appellate€court€is€granted.€€Mr.€BraultŠ Ä  Špointed€out€that€in€Montgomery€County,€anyone€can€purchase€a€copyŠ rĀ  Šof€an€audiotape€at€a€counter€in€the€clerkššs€office.€€One€simplyŠ  p  Šfills€out€a€form€and€pays€for€the€tape€or€for€a€portion€of€theŠ Ī Štape€from€that€day.€€The€Vice€Chair€inquired€as€to€whether€anyŠ |Ģ Špeople€other€than€parties€order€the€tapes,€and€Mr.€MaloneyŠ *z Šanswered€that€this€happens€frequently.€€For€example,€an€attorneyŠ Ų( Šin€a€related€case€may€purchase€the€tape.€€Ms.€Melamed€commentedŠ †Ö Šthat€newspaper€reporters€often€buy€the€audiotapes.€€The€ViceŠ 4„ ŠChair€questioned€as€to€whether€the€tapes€are€aired€on€television,Š ā2 Šand€Ms.€Melamed€answered€that€they€are€not.€€Mr.€Brault€expressedŠ ą  Šthe€view€that€the€Rules€as€to€access€should€not€be€changed.€Š >!Ž" Šą  ąThe€Vice€Chair€said€that€the€Subcommittee€did€not€focus€onŠ ģ"<$ Šthe€precise€language€of€the€new€Rules€that€make€videotapes€andŠ š$ź& Šaudiotapes€open€to€inspection€and€copying€unless€the€proceedingsŠ H&˜!( Šhave€been€closed€to€the€public.€€Ms.€Potter€noted€that€Rule€16„Š ö'F#* Š1002,€General€Policy,€states€that€records€are€presumed€to€be€openŠ ¤)ō$, Što€the€public€for€inspection€and€the€Vice€Chair€added€that€RuleŠ R+¢&. Š16„1003,€Copies,€allows€for€the€copying€of€records.€€The€ChairŠ -P(0 Šadded€that€the€Rules€are€subject€to€other€rules€and€statutes.€Š ®.ž)2 ŠOne€reading€these€Rules€could€conclude€that€an€audiotape€of€aŠ ° Šcriminal€case€may€be€played€on€the€evening€news.€€Š ^® Šą  ąThe€Vice€Chair€observed€that€Rule€16„406€may€be€supersededŠ  \ Šby€Rule€16„1006.€€Ms.€Melamed€responded€that€she€had€worked€withŠ ŗ  ŠJudge€Wilner€on€the€Access€to€Court€Records€Rules,€and€she€didŠ h ø Šnot€remember€that€the€discussion€had€focused€on€this€specificŠ  f  Šissue.€€The€Vice€Chair€asked€about€audiotapes.€€Ms.€MelamedŠ Ä  Šanswered€that€there€is€no€rule€dealing€with€circuit€courtŠ rĀ  Šaudiotapes.€€The€group€working€on€the€Access€to€Court€RecordsŠ  p  ŠRules€did€not€discuss€particular€problems€with€videotapes€andŠ Ī Šnever€talked€about€the€Rules€translating€into€the€use€of€camerasŠ |Ģ Šin€the€courtroom.€€Reporters€use€the€tapes€to€ensure€accurateŠ *z Šreporting.€€She€said€that€she€would€not€like€to€see€access€toŠ Ų( Šaudiotapes€decrease€š!š„€they€are€helpful€both€in€the€circuitŠ †Ö Šcourts€and€the€District€Court,€and€there€have€been€no€problemsŠ 4„ Šarising€out€of€this€access.€€The€Chair€pointed€out€that€Code,Š ā2 ŠCriminal€Procedure€Article,€šš1„201€prohibits€the€recording€orŠ ą  Šbroadcasting€of€criminal€proceedings.€€Ms.€Melamed€noted€that€theŠ >!Ž" Šstatute€supersedes€the€Rule.€€The€Chair€responded€that€the€RuleŠ ģ"<$ Šshould€state€this,€and€Ms.€Melamed€observed€that€the€preamble€toŠ š$ź& ŠRule€16„1006€begins€with€the€language:€š š[e]xcept€as€otherwiseŠ H&˜!( Šprovided€by€law.šš€€Š ö'F#* Šą  ąMs.€Lucan€observed€that€Rule€16„109,€Photographing,Š ¤)ō$, ŠRecording,€Broadcasting€or€Televising€in€Courthouses,€contains€aŠ R+¢&. Šdefinition€of€the€term€š šextended€coverage.šš€€It€should€includeŠ -P(0 Šany€broadcast€use€of€any€tape€by€the€news€media.€€The€case€ofņņŠ ®.ž)2 ŠChandler€v.€Floridaóó,€101€S.€Ct.€802€(1981),€held€that€a€state€mayŠ ° Šprovide€for€radio,€television,€and€still€photography€coverage€ofŠ ^® Ša€criminal€trial€for€public€broadcast.€€Maryland€can€decide€howŠ  \ Što€handle€this,€and€Rule€16„109€can€be€modified.€€The€ChairŠ ŗ  Šinquired€as€to€what€the€Rule€should€provide.€€Ms.€Lucan€repliedŠ h ø Šthat€extended€coverage€should€apply€to€broadcast€use,€and€RuleŠ  f  Š16„109€should€be€rewritten€to€provide€this.€€Judge€McAuliffeŠ Ä  Šremarked€that€there€are€constitutional€problems€with€thisŠ rĀ  Šapproach.€€If€a€tape€is€legitimately€in€the€possession€of€theŠ  p  Špress,€it€would€be€difficult€to€prohibit€its€broadcast.€€Ms.Š Ī ŠMelamed€remarked€that€if€there€is€no€constitutional€right€to€haveŠ |Ģ Šthe€tapes,€access€to€them€could€be€conditioned€on€an€agreement.€Š *z ŠJudge€McAuliffe€noted€that€limiting€the€right€to€use€the€tapes€isŠ Ų( Štroublesome€in€light€of€prior€cases.€€If€one€possesses€a€tape,Š †Ö Šone€has€the€right€to€control€it.€€Ms.€Melamed€observed€that€inŠ 4„ Šjuvenile€proceedings,€one€can€get€access€to€a€tape€conditionedŠ ā2 Šupon€not€using€the€names€of€the€parties.€€She€said€that€she€doesŠ ą  Šnot€want€to€see€access€to€tapes€of€proceedings€restricted.€€Š >!Ž" Šą  ąThe€Chair€stated€that€there€is€another€aspect€to€this€issue.€Š ģ"<$ ŠIf€one€courtroom€has€audiotape€equipment€and€another€courtroomŠ š$ź& Šhas€a€court€reporter,€one€case€record€may€be€more€accessible€thanŠ H&˜!( Šthe€other.€€Court€reporters€were€the€sole€means€of€recordingŠ ö'F#* Štrials€for€years,€and€there€were€no€problems€with€this.€€TheŠ ¤)ō$, Šaddition€of€recording€equipment€has€created€difficulties.€€TheŠ R+¢&. Šequipment€was€added€for€the€convenience€of€the€court.€€InstallingŠ -P(0 Šand€maintaining€the€equipment€is€less€expensive€than€paying€theŠ ®.ž)2 Šsalary€of€a€court€reporter.€€Taping€was€not€designed€for€anyŠ ° Špurpose€other€than€allowing€a€transcript€for€appellate€review€toŠ ^® Šbe€prepared.€€If€someone€wants€a€transcript,€let€the€person€orderŠ  \ Šone.€€Ms.€Lucan€noted€that€the€press€believes€that€the€tapesŠ ŗ  Šshould€be€available€as€part€of€the€case€record.€€The€ChairŠ h ø Šresponded€that€under€that€theory,€bench€notes€also€might€beŠ  f  Šaccessible€to€the€public,€which€they€are€not.€€Š Ä  Šą  ąThe€Chair€observed€that€in€a€domestic€relations€case,€theŠ rĀ  Šfinancial€records€are€sealed€by€statute,€but€anyone€can€takeŠ  p  Šnotes€as€to€the€testimony.€€If€the€Rule€provides€that€the€caseŠ Ī Šrecord€includes€the€unredacted€audiotape€which€is€accessible€toŠ |Ģ Šthe€public,€then€this€would€amount€to€releasing€financial€recordsŠ *z Šin€violation€of€the€statute.€€Ms.€Lucan€commented€that€theŠ Ų( Šability€of€reporters€to€listen€to€and€view€tapes€is€important.€Š †Ö ŠVideotapes€often€make€a€better€record,€because€they€show€facialŠ 4„ Šexpressions€of€those€testifying€and€are€available€right€awayŠ ā2 Šinstead€of€the€delay€required€to€produce€a€transcript.€€Š ą  Šą  ąMs.€Lucan€remarked€that€sometimes€the€staff€of€newspapers€isŠ >!Ž" Šlimited,€and€there€are€not€enough€reporters€to€cover€the€variousŠ ģ"<$ Šcases€in€the€courthouse.€€If€the€reporters€are€able€to€listen€toŠ š$ź& Šthe€tape,€the€case€can€still€be€covered.€€Listening€to€or€viewingŠ H&˜!( Štapes€later€also€ensures€accuracy€of€reporting.€€Judge€McAuliffeŠ ö'F#* Šsuggested€that€the€media€could€listen€to€the€audio€portion€ofŠ ¤)ō$, Švideotapes.€€The€Chair€added€that€accomplishing€this€depends€onŠ R+¢&. Šthe€courtššs€equipment.€€Ms.€Lucan€stated€that€access€to€the€tapesŠ -P(0 Šincreases€the€publicššs€knowledge€of€current€events.€€The€ChairŠ ®.ž)2 Šcommented€that€assuming€it€is€acceptable€for€the€media€to€haveŠ ° Šaccess€to€the€tapes,€the€reporters€could€listen€to€them€andŠ ^® Šreturn€them€later€in€the€day.€€Ms.€Lucan€pointed€out€that€thisŠ  \ Šwould€be€difficult€since€the€courthouse€closes€at€a€certain€timeŠ ŗ  Šin€the€afternoon.€€The€Chair€stated€that€many€proceedings€in€theŠ h ø Šcourthouse€go€beyond€4:30€p.m.,€and€a€reporter€would€be€not€beŠ  f  Šexcluded€from€the€courthouse.€€The€Vice€Chair€remarked€that€if€aŠ Ä  Šreporter€listens€to€eight€hours€of€court€proceedings€and€asks€atŠ rĀ  Š4:00€p.m.€for€the€tapes,€most€likely€he€or€she€will€be€told€toŠ  p  Šcome€back€the€next€day.€€Š Ī Šą  ąThe€Vice€Chair€suggested€that€the€issues€presented€today€beŠ |Ģ Šdivided€into€separate€parts€for€a€vote.€€Judge€McAuliffe€referredŠ *z Što€Ms.€Melamedššs€point€that€there€have€been€no€problems€so€farŠ Ų( Šwith€unlimited€access€to€the€audio€portion€of€trials,€and€heŠ †Ö Šagain€suggested€that€this€be€available€to€the€media.€€Mr.€KleinŠ 4„ Šadded€that€every€tape€deck€has€connections€to€make€this€possible.€Š ā2 ŠJudge€McAuliffe€said€that€he€is€concerned€about€access€to€theŠ ą  Švideo€portion€of€the€videotape.€€The€legislature€has€alreadyŠ >!Ž" Šspecifically€prohibited€the€televising€of€criminal€proceedings,Š ģ"<$ Šand€there€are€protections€in€Rule€16„109€as€to€other€types€ofŠ š$ź& Šproceedings.€€There€must€be€consent€to€the€extended€coverage,€andŠ H&˜!( Ša€party€may€request€no€extended€coverage.€€The€presiding€judgeŠ ö'F#* Šmay€terminate€or€limit€the€extended€coverage.€€This€cannot€beŠ ¤)ō$, Šdone€with€a€videotape€that€is€made€for€the€purpose€of€making€aŠ R+¢&. Šrecord€of€the€proceedings.€€A€videotape€record€of€proceedingsŠ -P(0 Šdoes€not€fit€into€the€concept€of€Rule€16„109.€However,€unlimitedŠ ®.ž)2 Šaccess€to€the€audio€portion€of€trials€should€be€allowed.€€Š ° Šą  ąJudge€Norton€reiterated€that€the€administrative€regulationsŠ ^® Šof€the€District€Court€allow€unfettered€access€to€copies€of€anyŠ  \ Šaudiotapes€of€court€proceedings.€€The€problem€that€has€arisen€inŠ ŗ  Šthe€District€Court€is€with€requests€for€transcripts€that€are€toŠ h ø Šbe€used€for€impeachment€purposes€in€ņņde€novoóó€appeals€or€otherŠ  f  Šproceedings.€€The€administrative€regulation€concerning€audiotapesŠ Č  Šof€proceedings€is€not€causing€any€problems.€€The€Chair€asked€ifŠ vĘ  Šanyone€can€come€to€the€District€Court€and€request€a€tape.€€JudgeŠ $t  ŠNorton€replied€affirmatively,€adding€that€the€cost€is€minimal,Š Ņ" Šand€the€tape€will€be€available€as€soon€as€the€clerk€can€make€theŠ €Š Šcopy.€€The€Chair€suggested€that€one€approach€would€be€to€ensureŠ .~ Šthat€the€circuit€court€provides€audiotapes€as€the€District€CourtŠ Ü, Šdoes.€€The€Vice€Chair€said€that€the€recommendation€of€theŠ ŠŚ Šsubcommittee€is€to€include€references€to€audiotapes€in€Rule€16„Š 8ˆ Š406.€€This€addresses€the€first€question€in€the€April€6,€2004Š ę6 Šmemorandum€set€forth€in€Appendix€1.€€Š ”ä  Šą  ąMr.€Brault€suggested€that€audiotapes€of€court€proceedings€inŠ B!’" Šthe€circuit€court€should€be€available€to€the€public€unless€theŠ š"@$ Šcourt€proceeding€has€been€otherwise€sealed.€€Judge€MissouriŠ ž$ī& Šquestioned€as€to€whether€this€would€include€court€reportersššŠ L&œ!( Šbackup€tapes.€€The€Vice€Chair€answered€that€these€would€beŠ ś'J#* Šexcluded.€€Mr.€Brault€noted€that€in€some€circuit€courts,€anŠ Ø)ų$, Šaudiotape€could€be€the€official€recording€in€lieu€of€aŠ V+¦&. Šstenographic€recording.€€The€Chair€stated€that€applicableŠ -T(0 Šstatutes,€such€as€the€rape€shield€statute,€should€be€built€intoŠ ° Šthe€Rule.€€Judge€Heller€requested€that€the€minutes€clarify€thatŠ ^® Šthe€Rule€does€not€require€that€the€audio€portion€of€theŠ  \ Šproceeding€must€be€extracted€from€the€video€portion.€€SheŠ ŗ  Šsuggested€that€the€Rules€should€provide€for€this€only€ifŠ h ø Šfeasible.€€The€Vice€Chair€clarified€that€the€court€will€produceŠ  f  Šonly€what€it€is€able€to€produce.€€€Š Ä  Šą  ąJudge€Norton€remarked€that€there€may€be€a€variance€as€to€theŠ rĀ  Šamount€of€time€it€takes€to€produce€copies,€depending€on€theŠ  p  Šnumber€of€clerical€employees€available.€€Judge€Dryden€observedŠ Ī Šthat€a€greater€problem€is€the€fact€that,€with€current€technologyŠ |Ģ Šit€takes€longer€to€burn€a€compact€disc€than€to€make€a€tape€copy.€Š *z ŠThe€Vice€Chair€pointed€out€that€some€jurisdictions€may€not€have€aŠ Ų( Štape€system.€€The€Chair€said€that€a€request€for€a€videotapeŠ †Ö Šshould€not€involve€obtaining€a€copy€of€the€tape€but€rather€anŠ 4„ Šopportunity€to€view€the€tape€or€a€portion€of€it.€€€Judge€HellerŠ ā2 Šcommented€that€there€have€been€no€problems€in€Baltimore€CityŠ ą  Šallowing€the€public€to€view€the€videotapes,€and€it€ensures€theŠ >!Ž" Šaccuracy€of€reporting€by€the€press.€€Š ģ"<$ Šą  ąThe€Chair€told€the€Committee€that€he€recalled€that€theŠ š$ź& ŠConference€of€Circuit€Judges€had€resisted€allowing€tapes€to€beŠ H&˜!( Šsold€to€the€public.€€Judge€Missouri€added€that€the€Conference€didŠ ö'F#* Šnot€want€tapes€of€criminal€cases€to€be€accessible.€€The€judgesŠ ¤)ō$, Šfelt€that€this€would€compromise€motions€hearings€and€trials€inŠ R+¢&. Šsome€jurisdictions.€€Š -P(0 Šą  ąThe€Chair€clarified€that€the€consensus€of€the€CommitteeŠ ®.ž)2 Šappears€to€be€that€the€public€should€have€access€to€copies€ofŠ ° Šaudiotapes,€and€the€public,€including€reporters,€should€be€ableŠ ^® Što€watch€videotapes.€€If€there€is€a€problem,€the€parties€to€theŠ  \ Šcase€or€the€court€reporter€may€seek€a€protective€order€from€theŠ ŗ  Šcourt.€€Judge€Missouri€added€that€the€chief€court€reporter€isŠ h ø Šconsidered€the€custodian.€€As€Administrative€Judge,€JudgeŠ  f  ŠMissouri€said€that€he€can€block€access€only€if€someone€brings€aŠ Ä  Šproblem€to€his€attention.€€Rule€16„406€presents€a€logisticalŠ rĀ  Šproblem€š!š„€section€c.€provides€that€upon€written€request€and€theŠ  p  Špayment€of€reasonable€costs,€the€authorized€custodian€of€anŠ Ī Šofficial€videotape€recording€shall€make€a€copy€of€the€recording,Š |Ģ Šor€any€part€of€it,€available.€€However,€in€reality,€one€may€notŠ *z Šnecessarily€get€this€on€demand.Š Ų( Šą  ąJudge€Heller€reiterated€that€the€Rule€does€not€require€theŠ †Ö Šseparation€of€the€audio€portion€from€a€videotape.€€JudgeŠ 4„ ŠMcAuliffe€expressed€the€concern€that€when€parties€approach€theŠ ā2 Šbench€out€of€the€hearing€of€the€jury,€this€should€be€out€of€theŠ ą  Šhearing€of€the€public€as€well.€€For€example,€in€a€criminal€caseŠ >!Ž" Šif€the€defendant€is€agreeing€to€assist€the€State€in€obtaining€aŠ ģ"<$ Šconviction€in€another€case,€the€defendant€should€be€protected,Š š$ź& Šand€the€record€of€this€bench€conference€should€not€be€available.Š H&˜!( ŠShould€the€judge€seal€the€record€at€this€point?€€The€ChairŠ ö'F#* Šsuggested€that€for€an€audiotape€in€a€criminal€case,€the€State€orŠ ¤)ō$, Šthe€defense€attorney€should€be€given€the€opportunity€to€object.€Š R+¢&. ŠJudge€McAuliffe€inquired€as€to€whether€it€can€be€clarified€in€theŠ -P(0 ŠRule€that€one€of€the€parties€or€the€trial€judge€can€mark€the€partŠ ®.ž)2 Šof€the€record€that€should€not€be€accessible.€€Judge€HellerŠ ° Šcommented€that€in€Baltimore€City,€certain€parts€of€the€videotapeŠ ^® Šare€fast€forwarded.€€Mr.€Brault€said€that€in€Montgomery€County,Š  \ Šthe€operator€of€the€tape€machine€is€instructed€to€go€off€recordŠ ŗ  Šby€making€a€separate€tape,€which€is€then€sealed.€€Judge€MissouriŠ h ø Šagreed€with€Judge€McAuliffe€that€the€judge€has€to€be€attuned€toŠ  f  Šprotecting€a€witness€whose€life€may€be€in€danger,€and€this€couldŠ Ä  Šbe€accomplished€by€sealing€the€record.Š rĀ  Šą  ąMs.€Potter€questioned€as€to€how€the€federal€courts€handleŠ  p  Šstopping€the€recording€of€court€proceedings.€€Mr.€KarceskiŠ Ī Šresponded€that€in€the€U.S.€District€Court€in€Baltimore,€theŠ |Ģ Šstenographer€has€a€tape€recorder.€€A€button€can€be€pushed€whichŠ *z Šdeadens€the€sound.€€He€expressed€the€concern€that€conversationsŠ Ų( Šbetween€the€attorney€and€the€client€may€be€recorded.€€The€ViceŠ †Ö ŠChair€inquired€as€to€how€long€audiotapes€have€been€available€inŠ 4„ ŠMontgomery€County,€and€Mr.€Brault€answered€that€they€have€beenŠ ā2 Šavailable€since€1984.€€Judge€McAuliffe€commented€that€there€areŠ ą  Šseparate€microphones€for€separate€channels€on€the€tape.€€TheŠ >!Ž" Šoriginal€tape€plays€channel€by€channel.€€The€copy€is€made€from€aŠ ģ"<$ Šconglomeration€of€all€the€inputs.€€The€Chair€commented€that€heŠ š$ź& Šhad€heard€a€conversation€between€an€attorney€and€the€client€at€anŠ H&˜!( Šarraignment€hearing€on€national€television.€€Preventing€thisŠ ö'F#* Šsituation€can€be€addressed€by€rule.€€€Š ¤)ō$, Šą  ąMr.€Brault€observed€that€nothing€can€prevent€a€party€fromŠ R+¢&. Šgiving€the€audiotape€of€a€trial€to€the€press.€€The€Vice€ChairŠ -P(0 Šnoted€that€subsection€c.€2.€of€Rule€16„406€provides:€š š...a€personŠ ®.ž)2 Šwho€receives€a€copy€of€a€videotape€recording€pursuant€to€thisŠ ° Šsection€shall€not€(A)€make€or€cause€to€be€made€any€additionalŠ ^® Šcopy€of€the€recording€or€(B)€except€for€a€non„sequestered€witnessŠ  \ Šor€an€agent,€employee,€or€consultant€of€the€attorney,€make€theŠ ŗ  Šrecording€available€to€any€person€not€entitled€to€it€pursuant€toŠ h ø Šthis€section.šš€€The€subcommittee€wanted€to€ensure€that€copies€ofŠ  f  Šaudiotapes€are€generally€available.€€Anyone€can€listen€to€theŠ Ä  Šaudio€potion€of€videotapes.€€A€sub„issue€is€what€to€do€if€a€tapeŠ rĀ  Šis€not€available.€€Judge€Heller€asked€about€representatives€ofŠ  p  Šthe€press€listening€to€the€tapes.€€The€Chair€responded€thatŠ Ī Šaccess€cannot€be€limited.€€These€are€policy€questions.€€The€ViceŠ |Ģ ŠChair€suggested€that€the€new€Title€16,€Chapter€1000€Rules€couldŠ *z Šbe€changed.€€The€Chair€said€that€the€subcommittee€will€work€onŠ Ų( Šthis,€and€Ms.€Lucan,€Ms.€Rankin,€and€Ms.€Melamed€can€participate.€Š †Ö ŠMs.€Lucan€remarked€that€plans€are€being€made€for€judicialŠ 4„ Štraining€sessions€on€the€new€Title€16,€Chapter€100€Rules,€andŠ ā2 Šthis€should€be€part€of€the€training.€€Ms.€Rankin€will€organizeŠ ą  Šthe€training.€€Ms.€Rankin€added€that€Chief€Judge€Bell€isŠ >!Ž" Šorganizing€an€Implementation€Committee€on€Access€to€CourtŠ ģ"<$ ŠRecords.€€Access€issues€will€be€handled€by€the€Judicial€InstituteŠ š$ź& Šas€well.€The€Chair€noted€that€the€Conference€of€Circuit€JudgesŠ H&˜!( Šwill€discuss€these€issues,€also.€€Š ö'F#* Šą  ąMr.€Dean€told€the€Committee€that€he€has€had€a€request€fromŠ ¤)ō$, Šthe€media€to€which€he€has€not€yet€responded.€€The€media€hasŠ R+¢&. Šrequested€that€he€provide€them€with€videotapes€of€evidence€inŠ -P(0 Špending€trials.€€For€example,€one€item€is€a€tape€of€allegedŠ ®.ž)2 Špolice€brutality€that€will€be€admitted€into€evidence€at€trial.€Š ° ŠHe€is€attempting€to€prevent€giving€the€tapes€pursuant€to€Rule€16„Š ^® Š406€and€Rule€3.8,€Special€Responsibilities€of€a€Prosecutor.€€TheŠ  \ ŠVice€Chair€questioned€whether€evidence€in€the€possession€of€theŠ ŗ  ŠStateššs€Attorney€that€has€not€yet€been€admitted€into€evidence€atŠ h ø Štrial€is€subject€to€the€Public€Information€Act.€€Mr.€Dean€statedŠ  f  Šthat€there€will€be€a€hearing€on€this€matter€in€a€case€in€whichŠ Ä  Šthe€evidence€will€be€presented€at€a€suppression€hearing,€and,Š rĀ  Šdepending€upon€the€outcome€of€that€hearing,€may€later€be€admittedŠ  p  Šinto€evidence€during€the€trial.Š Ī Šą  ąThe€Reporter€commented€that€there€may€be€confidentialŠ |Ģ Šfinancial€information€or€trade€secrets€discussed€at€a€trial€thatŠ *z Šshould€not€be€part€of€the€recording.€€For€drafting€purposes,Š Ų( Šthere€should€be€a€timeline€in€the€Rule€to€give€parties€theŠ †Ö Šopportunity€to€state€what€information€they€would€not€likeŠ 4„ Šrevealed€in€the€tape.€€Mr.€Brault€remarked€that€this€can€be€done,Š ā2 Šbut€the€attorneys€should€work€it€out.€€Often€attorneys€try€toŠ ą  Šprotect€their€clientsšš€trade€secrets.€€In€Montgomery€County,€thisŠ >!Ž" Šis€done€by€transferring€to€another€tape.€€Ms.€Melamed€commentedŠ ģ"<$ Šthat€several€Rules€Committee€members€had€stated€that€theŠ š$ź& ŠMontgomery€County€procedure€for€allowing€access€to€audiotapes€isŠ H&˜!( Šworking€well.€€Is€it€necessary€for€the€procedure€to€become€moreŠ ö'F#* Šcomplicated?€€The€Vice€Chair€pointed€out€that€copies€areŠ ¤)ō$, Šavailable€unless€the€court€orders€otherwise.€Š R+¢&. Šą  ąMr.€Michael€stated€that€he€was€concerned€as€to€whatŠ -P(0 Šmechanism€would€be€used€to€ensure€that€confidential€informationŠ ®.ž)2 Šwould€not€be€released€to€the€public€in€an€audiotape.€€Is€it€theŠ ° Šattorneyššs€responsibility€to€ask€that€a€separate€tape€be€used€forŠ ^® Šthe€confidential€information?€€The€Chair€suggested€that€languageŠ  \ Šcould€be€added€to€Rule€16„406€similar€to€the€following:€š šIf€aŠ ŗ  Športion€of€the€proceeding€that€is€being€audiotaped€or€videotapedŠ h ø Šinvolves€placing€on€the€record€matters€that€should€not€be€open€toŠ  f  Šthe€public€and€would€not€be€stated€in€open€court,€appropriateŠ Ä  Šsafeguards€should€be€placed€on€that€portion€of€the€record.šš€€ThisŠ rĀ  Šor€similar€language€would€alert€the€parties€and€the€judge.€€Š  p  Šą  ąThe€Vice€Chair€commented€that€in€Baltimore€City,€theŠ Ī Štroublesome€testimony€is€skipped€over.€€What€happens€when€theŠ |Ģ Špublic€requests€the€skipped€language?€€Judge€Heller€pointed€outŠ *z Šthat€subsection€e.€5€of€Rule€16„109€provides:€š šThere€shall€be€noŠ Ų( Šaudio€coverage€of€private€conferences,€bench€conferences,€andŠ †Ö Šconferences€at€counsel€tables.šš€€Judge€McAuliffe€noted€that€it€isŠ 4„ Šdifficult€to€prohibit€this€when€making€a€record.€€The€trial€judgeŠ ā2 Šupon€request€or€ņņsua€sponteóó€may€redact€language.€€The€clerk€keepsŠ ą  Ša€log€and€has€the€capacity€based€upon€digital€marking€to€goŠ B!’" Šdirectly€to€the€testimony€to€be€omitted.€€The€Chair€clarifiedŠ š"@$ Šthat€this€would€be€part€of€the€record,€but€the€portion€would€notŠ ž$ī& Šbe€available€by€audiotape€or€videotape.€€€Š L&œ!( Šą  ąJudge€Kaplan€remarked€that€a€large€percentage€of€theŠ ś'J#* Šcriminal€docket€in€Baltimore€City€consists€of€drug€cases.€€WhenŠ Ø)ų$, Šthe€defense€attorneys€and€the€prosecutors€come€to€the€bench,€theŠ V+¦&. Šjudge€pushes€the€bench€conference€button€that€turns€off€theŠ -T(0 Šmicrophone€to€the€courtroom.€€Judge€Kaplan€expressed€the€viewŠ ° Šthat€it€would€be€dangerous€to€have€this€portion€of€the€trialŠ ^® Šavailable€by€access€to€a€videotape€of€the€proceeding.€€The€ViceŠ  \ ŠChair€inquired€as€to€whether€the€videotape€would€tape€the€benchŠ ŗ  Šconference.€€Judge€Kaplan€replied€that€it€would.€€It€could€beŠ h ø Šdangerous€for€a€witness€in€a€drug€case€to€have€his€or€her€faceŠ  f  Šshown€on€television.€€The€Chair€clarified€that€the€videotapeŠ Ä  Šcannot€be€shown€on€television;€it€is€only€available€to€be€viewedŠ rĀ  Šin€the€courthouse.€€One€cannot€leave€the€courthouse€with€a€copyŠ  p  Šof€the€videotape.€€Judge€Kaplan€said€that€he€had€no€problem€withŠ Ī Šthe€media€viewing€the€tape€in€the€courthouse,€as€long€as€noŠ |Ģ Šcopies€can€be€made.€€It€is€important€to€avoid€a€situation€where€aŠ *z Štrial€cannot€proceed€because€the€witness€will€not€testify.€€Š Ų( Šą  ąThe€Chair€stated€that€there€is€agreement€in€substance€as€toŠ †Ö Šthe€procedures€for€making€tapes€available€to€the€public.€€TheŠ 4„ Šlurking€danger€is€that€the€microphones€will€pick€up€privilegedŠ ā2 Šcommunications.€€The€Vice€Chair€remarked€that€the€new€languageŠ ą  Šfor€the€Rule€will€include€the€following:€(1)€all€copies€ofŠ >!Ž" Šaudiotapes€(except€court€stenographersšš€back„up€tapes)€are€publicŠ ģ"<$ Šrecords€and€are€available€to€the€public,€unless€the€court€ordersŠ š$ź& Šotherwise;€(2)€anyone€may€watch€a€videotape€unless€the€courtŠ H&˜!( Šorders€otherwise;€and€(3)€the€court€shall€ensure€that€non„publicŠ ö'F#* Šinformation€is€safeguarded.€€The€Vice€Chair€added€that€notes€andŠ ¤)ō$, Šcompact€discs€in€the€possession€of€the€court€reporters€do€notŠ R+¢&. Šfall€under€this€Rule,€and€Judge€Dryden€noted€that€the€rules€willŠ -P(0 Šbe€the€same€for€the€circuit€courts€and€the€District€Court.€€TheŠ ®.ž)2 ŠChair€suggested€that€the€Rules€of€other€states€be€reviewed€to€seeŠ ° Šhow€the€audiotape€and€videotape€access€concerns€discussed€by€theŠ ^® ŠCommittee€today,€such€as€redaction€of€bench€conferenceŠ  \ Šdiscussions,€are€addressed€in€other€jurisdictions.€€Ms.€LucanŠ ŗ  Šstated€that€she€would€provide€to€the€Committee€information€onŠ h ø Šthis€topic.Š  f  ŠÓÓĢAgenda€Item€1.€€Reconsideration€of€proposed€Rules€changesŠ ›ė  Š€€recommended€by€the€Criminal€Subcommittee:€€New€Rule€4„355Š rĀ  Š€€(Preservation€of€Evidence)€and€Amendments€to€Rule€4„322Š I™  Š€€(Exhibits)Š  p  Š________________________________________________________________Š ÷G ŠĢÓÓą  ąJudge€Missouri€presented€Rule€4„355,€Preservation€ofŠ „õ ŠEvidence,€for€the€Committeeššs€consideration.Š S£ ŠŅ` °ŅŅ` °ŅÓÓĢĢą@˜ ˜ ģąMARYLAND€RULES€OF€PROCEDUREˆŠ Æ’ ŠĢą@ģąTITLE€4€„€CRIMINAL€CAUSESˆŠ ]­ ŠĢą@ō ō ģąCHAPTER€300€„€TRIAL€AND€SENTENCINGˆŠ  [ ŠĢĢą ø ąADD€new€Rule€4„355,€as€follows:Š ą  ŠĢĢRule€4„355.€€PRESERVATION€OF€EVIDENCEŠ "e# ŠĢĢ€€(a)€€Computer-Generated€EvidenceŠ š$ź& ŠĢą ø ą€€The€party€offering€computer-generatedŠ H&˜!( Ševidence€at€any€proceeding€shall€preserve€theŠ 'o") Šcomputer-generated€evidence,€furnish€it€toŠ ö'F#* Šthe€clerk€in€a€manner€suitable€forŠ Ķ($+ Štransmittal€as€a€part€of€the€record€onŠ ¤)ō$, Šappeal,€and€present€the€computer-generatedŠ {*Ė%- Ševidence€to€an€appellate€court€if€the€courtŠ R+¢&. Šso€requests.€€Š ),y'/ ŠĢCross€reference:€€For€the€definition€ofŠ ×-')1 Šš šcomputer-generated€evidence,"€see€RuleŠ ®.ž)2 Š2-504.3.Š ° ŠĢCommittee€note:€€This€section€requires€theŠ ^® Šproponent€of€computer-generated€evidence€toŠ 5… Šreduce€the€computer-generated€evidence€to€aŠ  \ Šmedium€that€allows€review€on€appeal.€€TheŠ ć3 Šmedium€used€will€depend€upon€the€nature€ofŠ ŗ  Šthe€computer-generated€evidence€and€theŠ ‘ į Štechnology€available€for€preservation€of€thatŠ h ø Šcomputer-generated€evidence.€€No€specialŠ ?   Šarrangements€are€needed€for€preservation€ofŠ  f  Šcomputer-generated€evidence€that€is€presentedŠ ķ =  Šon€paper€or€through€spoken€words.€Ordinarily,Š Ä  Šthe€use€of€standard€VHS€videotape€orŠ ›ė  Šequivalent€technology€that€is€in€common€useŠ rĀ  Šby€the€general€public€at€the€time€of€theŠ I™  Šhearing€or€trial€will€suffice€forŠ  p  Špreservation€of€other€computer€generatedŠ ÷G Ševidence.€€However,€when€theŠ Ī Šcomputer-generated€evidence€involves€theŠ „õ Šcreation€of€a€three-dimensional€image€or€isŠ |Ģ Šperceived€through€a€sense€other€than€sight€orŠ S£ Šhearing,€the€proponent€of€the€computer-Š *z Šgenerated€evidence€must€make€otherŠ Q Šarrangements€for€preservation€of€theŠ Ų( Šcomputer-generated€evidence€and€anyŠ Æ’ Šsubsequent€presentation€of€it€that€may€beŠ †Ö Šrequired€by€an€appellate€court.€€Š ]­ ŠĢ€€(b)€€DNA€Identification€EvidenceŠ  [ ŠĢą ø ą€€The€State€shall€preserve€scientificŠ ¹  Šidentification€evidence€in€conformance€withŠ ą  Šthe€requirements€of€Code,€Criminal€ProcedureŠ g ·! ŠArticle,€šš8„201.€€The€evidence€shall€beŠ >!Ž" Špreserved€for€the€duration€of€the€defendantššsŠ "e# Šsentence,€including€any€consecutive€sentenceŠ ģ"<$ Šimposed€in€connection€with€the€offense.Š Ć#% ŠĢCross€reference:€Rule€4„322.Š q%Į ' ŠĢSource:€€This€Rule€is€new.Š 'o") ŠĢĢŅ°` ŅŅ°` Ņą  ąRule€4„355€was€accompanied€by€the€following€Reporterššs€Note.Š ¤)ō$, ŠĢŅ` °ŅŅ` °Ņą ø ąBecause€of€the€recently€added€statute,Š R+¢&. ŠCode,€Criminal€Procedure€Article,€šš8„201,Š ),y'/ Šwhich€provides€that€the€State€must€preserveŠ -P(0 Šscientific€identification€evidence€that€theŠ ×-')1 ŠState€has€reason€to€know€contains€DNAŠ ®.ž)2 Šmaterial€and€that€is€secured€in€connectionŠ ° Šwith€certain€offenses,€the€CriminalŠ ‡× ŠSubcommittee€recommends€the€addition€of€a€newŠ ^® ŠRule€that€would€include€a€reference€to€theŠ 5… Šstatutory€provision€and€the€provisionŠ  \ Špertaining€to€preservation€of€computer„Š ć3 Šgenerated€evidence€that€had€been€previouslyŠ ŗ  Šlocated€in€Rule€4„322.Š ‘ į ŠĢ€ĢŅ°` ŅŅ°` ŅÓÓą  ąJudge€Missouri€explained€that€Code,€Criminal€ProcedureŠ  f  ŠArticle,€šš8„201,€was€modified€to€provide€that€the€State€isŠ Ä  Šrequired€to€preserve€scientific€identification€evidence€that€theŠ rĀ  ŠState€has€reason€to€know€contains€DNA€material.€€The€CriminalŠ  p  ŠSubcommittee€recommends€the€addition€of€new€Rule€4„355.€€SectionŠ Ī Š(a)€of€the€new€Rule€transfers€from€Rule€4„322,€Exhibits,€aŠ |Ģ Šprovision€pertaining€to€the€preservation€of€computer„generatedŠ *z Ševidence.€€Section€(b)€of€the€new€Rule€pertains€to€DNA€evidence.€Š Ų( ŠThe€Vice€Chair€asked€whether€any€changes€had€been€made€to€sectionŠ †Ö Š(a)€of€proposed€new€Rule€4„355,€and€Judge€Missouri€replied€thatŠ 4„ Šthere€were€none.€€He€pointed€out€that€a€copy€of€an€e„mailŠ ā2 Šreceived€from€Russell€Butler,€Esq.,€had€been€distributed€at€theŠ ą  Šmeeting.€€See€Appendix€2.€€Mr.€Butler€referred€to€a€comment€fromŠ >!Ž" ŠRobert€Gibson,€Director€of€Planning€and€Statistics€for€theŠ ģ"<$ ŠDepartment€of€Public€Safety€and€Correctional€Services,€who€hadŠ š$ź& Šasked€for€what€length€of€time€the€evidence€must€be€kept.€€JudgeŠ H&˜!( ŠMissouri€note€that€there€should€be€a€tickler€file€that€tells€theŠ ö'F#* Šprosecutor€when€to€dispose€of€the€evidence.€€The€Subcommittee€didŠ ¤)ō$, Šnot€consider€this€aspect€when€drafting€the€Rule.€€The€view€of€theŠ R+¢&. ŠSubcommittee€is€that€the€evidence€would€be€kept€as€long€asŠ -P(0 Šnecessary,€even€beyond€the€duration€of€the€sentence.€Š ®.ž)2 Šą  ąThe€Vice€Chair€noted€that€the€Code,€Criminal€ProcedureŠ ° ŠArticle,€šš8„201€(j)€provides€that€the€State€may€dispose€ofŠ ^® Šscientific€identification€evidence€before€the€expiration€of€theŠ  \ Štime€period€presented€in€section€(i)€in€certain€circumstances.€Š ŗ  ŠThe€reference€in€the€Rule€to€the€time€period€should€be€deleted.€Š h ø ŠJudge€Missouri€agreed€to€the€deletion,€and€the€Committee€agreedŠ  f  Šby€consensus€to€take€out€the€second€sentence.€€The€Chair€saidŠ Ä  Šthat€the€reference€to€the€Code€provision€is€sufficient.€€The€ViceŠ rĀ  ŠChair€suggested€that€the€tagline€to€the€new€section€should€beŠ  p  Šš šScientific€Identification€Evidence,šš€and€the€Committee,€byŠ Ī Šconsensus,€agreed€to€this€change.€€Š |Ģ Šą  ąThe€Vice€Chair€asked€whether€it€is€appropriate€to€combineŠ *z Šthe€scientific€identification€evidence€provision€with€theŠ Ų( Šcomputer„generated€evidence€provision.€€The€latter€was€placed€inŠ †Ö ŠRule€4„322,€Exhibits,€and€it€pertains€to€technical€evidence€thatŠ 4„ Šhas€been€offered€or€admitted€in€evidence€at€a€court€proceeding.€Š ā2 ŠScientific€identification€evidence€is€a€much€broader€category€andŠ ą  Šis€related€to€investigation.€€An€inference€is€created€in€sectionŠ >!Ž" Š(b)€that€the€evidence€to€be€preserved€is€evidence€that€has€beenŠ ģ"<$ Šoffered€or€admitted€at€a€court€proceeding,€as€opposed€to€evidenceŠ š$ź& Šthat€has€been€collected€regardless€of€whether€it€ever€has€beenŠ H&˜!( Šoffered€or€admitted.€€The€Chair€suggested€that€this€provision€beŠ ö'F#* Šplaced€in€a€new€rule,€which€would€be€placed€in€Title€4,€ChapterŠ ¤)ō$, Š600,€Criminal€Investigations€and€Miscellaneous€Provisions.€€JudgeŠ R+¢&. ŠMissouri€expressed€the€view€that€the€Rule€should€not€be€movedŠ -P(0 Šelsewhere.€€The€Vice€Chair€questioned€as€to€whether€the€statuteŠ ®.ž)2 Šis€already€in€effect,€and€Judge€Missouri€replied€that€it€wentŠ ° Šinto€effect€on€October€1,€2003.€€Judge€Missouri€noted€that€RuleŠ ^® Š4„641€is€entitled€š šCriminal€Investigation€š!š„€Applicability.šš€€€€Š  \ Šą  ąJudge€McAuliffe€expressed€the€opinion€that€the€two€sectionsŠ ŗ  Šof€proposed€new€Rule€4„355€should€remain€together.€€If€the€secondŠ h ø Šsection€is€placed€in€Title€4,€Chapter€600,€it€will€be€hidden.€Š  f  ŠThe€Vice€Chair€commented€that€section€(b)€should€be€placed€into€aŠ Ä  Šseparate€Rule.€€The€Reporter€suggested€that€the€Rule€could€beŠ rĀ  Šnumbered€Rule€4„645.€€The€Chair€said€that€one€would€not€look€atŠ  p  Šthe€investigation€section€of€the€Rules€to€find€out€how€toŠ Ī Špreserve€evidence.€€The€Rule€should€be€placed€near€the€RulesŠ |Ģ Špertaining€to€sentencing.€€The€Reporter€remarked€that€theŠ *z Šdirectives€of€section€(b)€concern€only€the€Stateššs€Attorneys.€Š Ų( ŠThe€Rule€could€be€placed€anywhere€in€Title€4,€and€StateššsŠ †Ö ŠAttorneys€would€not€overlook€it.€€Mr.€Dean€added€that€the€RuleŠ 4„ Špertains€to€evidence€that€has€not€been€marked€by€the€court€and€isŠ ā2 Šin€police€custody.€€When€the€crime€laboratories€deal€with€theŠ ą  Ševidence,€they€have€to€preserve€it.€€The€Chair€commented€that€theŠ >!Ž" ŠState€has€to€preserve€the€evidence€whether€or€not€it€has€beenŠ ģ"<$ Šreceived€into€evidence€at€the€trial.€€€Š š$ź& Šą  ąThe€Vice€Chair€said€that€the€purpose€of€the€statute€isŠ H&˜!( Šclear.€€The€Style€Subcommittee€can€draft€the€exact€language€andŠ ö'F#* Šascertain€the€placement€of€the€Rule.€€The€Chair€added€that€theŠ ¤)ō$, Šsecond€sentence€will€be€eliminated,€and€the€language€of€the€RuleŠ R+¢&. Šwill€be€redrafted€to€include€the€concept€that€the€evidence€mustŠ -P(0 Šbe€preserved€whether€or€not€it€has€been€offered€or€received€intoŠ ®.ž)2 Ševidence€at€trial.€€The€Vice€Chair€commented€that€the€Rule€shouldŠ ° Šnot€be€a€redrafting€of€the€statute.€€She€noted€that€the€languageŠ ^® Šš šbut€only€if€the€person€was€convictedšš€should€be€added€to€theŠ  \ ŠRule.€€The€Reporter€asked€if€the€language€š šwhether€or€not€theŠ ŗ  Ševidence€has€been€offered€or€received€into€evidence€at€trialššŠ h ø Šshould€be€added€to€the€Rule.€€The€consensus€of€the€Committee€wasŠ  f  Šthat€this€language€should€be€added.€€The€Reporter€inquired€as€toŠ Ä  Šwhether€the€cross€reference€to€Rule€4„322€should€be€deleted.€€TheŠ rĀ  Šconsensus€of€the€Committee€was€that€it€should€be€deleted.€Š  p  Šą  ąMr.€Karceski€suggested€that€the€proposed€Rule€could€be€addedŠ Ī Šinto€Rule€4„262,€Discovery€in€District€Court,€and€Rule€4„263,Š |Ģ ŠDiscovery€in€Circuit€Court,€and€the€following€language€could€beŠ *z Šadded€to€those€Rules:€€š šThe€Stateššs€Attorney€shall€furnish€to€theŠ Ų( Šdefendant€any€relevant€material€or€information€...€includingŠ †Ö Šscientific€evidence€to€be€preserved.šš€€There€are€certain€itemsŠ 4„ Šabout€which€the€client€and€counsel€may€not€know.€€The€onus€wouldŠ ā2 Šbe€on€the€State€to€(a)€make€them€available€and€(b)€ensure€theirŠ ą  Špreservation.€€The€Reporter€suggested€that€if€language€is€addedŠ >!Ž" Što€Rules€4„262€and€4„263,€the€statute€should€be€cross€referencedŠ ģ"<$ Šin€the€Rules.€€Judge€Dryden€remarked€that€this€would€solve€theŠ š$ź& Šnotice€problem.€€The€Chair€suggested€that€language€referring€toŠ H&˜!( Šthe€continuing€duty€to€disclose€should€be€added.€€Judge€MissouriŠ ö'F#* Šcommented€that€the€placement€of€the€language€of€proposed€Rule€4„Š ¤)ō$, Š355€into€Rules€4„262€and€4„263€should€be€discussed€later€when€anŠ R+¢&. Šissue€referred€by€Mr.€Brault€to€the€Criminal€Subcommittee,€theŠ -P(0 Šduty€of€the€State€to€disclose€ņņBradyóó€material€(referring€to€theŠ ®.ž)2 Šcase€of€ņņBrady€€v.€Marylandóó,€373€U.S.€83€(1963)),€is€discussed€byŠ ° Šthe€full€Committee.€€The€Conference€of€Circuit€Judges€willŠ ^® Šdiscuss€this€at€its€May€meeting,€and€afterwards€the€issue€can€beŠ  \ Šbrought€up€to€the€full€Committee.€€The€Committee€agreed€with€thisŠ ŗ  Šsuggestion€by€consensus.€Š h ø ŠÓÓĢAgenda€Item€3.€€Consideration€of€proposed€amendments€to:€Rule€Š ķ =  Š€€2„241€(Substitution€of€Parties)€and€Rule€2„341€(Amendment€ofŠ Ä  Š€€Pleadings)Š ›ė  Š________________________________________________________________Š rĀ  ŠĢÓÓą  ąMr.€Brault€presented€Rule€2„241,€Substitution€of€Parties,Š  p  Šfor€the€Committeeššs€consideration.€€Š Ī ŠŅ` °ŅŅ` °ŅÓÓĢą@˜ ˜ ģąMARYLAND€RULES€OF€PROCEDUREˆŠ S£ ŠĢą@P P ģąTITLE€2€„€CIVIL€PROCEDURE€š!š€CIRCUIT€COURTˆŠ Q ŠĢą@ ģąCHAPTER€200€„€PARTIESˆŠ Æ’ ŠĢĢą ø ąAMEND€Rule€2„241€to€add€a€new€subsectionŠ 4„ Š(a)(6),€as€follows:Š  [ ŠĢĢRule€2-241.€€SUBSTITUTION€OF€PARTIES€Š ą  ŠĢĢ€€(a)€€SubstitutionŠ "e# ŠĢą ø ą€€The€proper€person€may€be€substitutedŠ Ć#% Šfor€a€party€who€€Š š$ź& ŠĢ€€€€(1)€dies,€if€the€action€survives,€€Š H&˜!( ŠĢ€€€€(2)€becomes€incompetent,€€Š ö'F#* ŠĢ€€€€(3)€transfers€an€interest€in€the€action,Š ¤)ō$, Šwhether€voluntarily€or€involuntarily,€€Š {*Ė%- ŠĢ€€€€(4)€if€a€corporation,€dissolves,€forfeitsŠ ),y'/ Šits€charter,€merges,€or€consolidates,€ņ ņoró 󀀩 -P(0 Š€€€€(5)€if€a€public€officer,€ceases€to€holdŠ ×-')1 Šofficeņņ,€oróóŠ ®.ž)2 Š‡€€€€ņņ(6)€if€a€personal€representative,Š ° Štrustee,€guardian,€or€receiver,€resigns€orŠ ‡× Šdiesóó.Š ^® ŠĢ€€(b)€€ProcedureŠ  \ ŠĢą ø ą€€Any€party€to€the€action,€any€otherŠ ŗ  Šperson€affected€by€the€action,€the€successorsŠ ‘ į Šor€representatives€of€the€party,€or€the€courtŠ h ø Šmay€file€a€notice€in€the€action€substitutingŠ ?   Šthe€proper€person€as€a€party.€€The€noticeŠ  f  Šshall€set€forth€the€reasons€for€theŠ ķ =  Šsubstitution€and,€in€the€case€of€death,€theŠ Ä  Šdecedent's€representatives,€domicile,€andŠ ›ė  Šdate€and€place€of€death€if€known.€The€noticeŠ rĀ  Šshall€be€served€on€all€parties€in€accordanceŠ I™  Šwith€Rule€1-321€and€on€the€substituted€partyŠ  p  Šin€the€manner€provided€by€Rule€2-121,€unlessŠ ÷G Šthe€substituted€party€has€previouslyŠ Ī Šsubmitted€to€the€jurisdiction€of€the€court.€€Š „õ ŠĢ€€(c)€€ObjectionŠ S£ ŠĢą ø ą€€Within€15€days€after€the€service€ofŠ Q Šthe€notice€of€substitution,€a€motion€toŠ Ų( Šstrike€the€substitution€may€be€filed.€€Š Æ’ ŠĢ€€(d)€€Failure€to€SubstituteŠ ]­ ŠĢą ø ą€€If€substitution€is€not€made€asŠ  [ Šprovided€in€this€Rule,€the€court€may€dismissŠ ā2 Šthe€action,€continue€the€trial€or€hearing,€orŠ ¹  Štake€such€other€action€as€justice€mayŠ ą  Šrequire.€€Š g ·! ŠĢSource:€€This€Rule€is€derived€as€follows:€€Š "e# Š€€Section€(a)€is€derived€ņņin€partóó€from€formerŠ ģ"<$ ŠRules€220,€222,€and€240€and€the€1963€versionŠ Ć#% Šof€Fed.€R.€Civ.€P.€25€(a),€(b),€(c),€and€(d)Š š$ź& Šņņand€is€in€part€newóó.€€Š q%Į ' Š€€Section€(b)€is€derived€from€former€Rule€220Š H&˜!( Šc,€d€and€e.€€Š 'o") Š€€Section€(c)€is€new.€€Š ö'F#* Š€€Section€(d)€is€derived€from€former€Rule€220Š Ķ($+ Šf.€€Š ¤)ō$, ŠĢĢŅ°` ŅŅ°` Ņą  ąRule€2„241€was€accompanied€by€the€following€Reporterššs€Note.Š ),y'/ ŠŅ` °ŅŅ` °Ņą ø ąIn€response€to€a€question€by€theŠ -P(0 ŠHonorable€John€F.€Fader,€II€asking€why€RuleŠ ×-')1 Š2„241€does€not€specify€that€a€successorŠ ®.ž)2 Špersonal€representative€can€be€substituted€inŠ ° Ša€case€in€which€the€predecessor€personalŠ ‡× Šrepresentative,€who€has€resigned,€was€aŠ ^® Šparty,€the€Process,€Parties,€and€PleadingŠ 5… ŠSubcommittee€recommends€the€addition€of€newŠ  \ Šsubsection€(a)(6)€to€Rule€2„241.Š ć3 ŠĢĢŅ°` ŅŅ°` ŅÓÓą  ąMr.€Brault€explained€that€the€Honorable€John€F.€Fader,€II,Š h ø Šretired€judge€of€the€Circuit€Court€for€Baltimore€County,€hadŠ  f  Šquestioned€as€to€why€Rule€2„241€does€not€specify€that€a€successorŠ Ä  Špersonal€representative€can€be€substituted€when€the€predecessorŠ rĀ  Špersonal€representative,€who€has€resigned,€was€a€party€to€a€case.€Š  p  Š€Mr.€Brault€suggested€that€in€lieu€of€the€proposed€new€language,Š Ī Šthe€following€language€should€be€substituted:€š šif€a€personalŠ |Ģ Šrepresentative,€trustee,€guardian,€or€receiver€is€replaced.šš€€Š *z ŠThe€Vice€Chair€added€that€the€new€language€should€include€theŠ Ų( Šwords€š šor€dies.šš€€Mr.€Bowen€suggested€that€the€new€languageŠ †Ö Šshould€be€š šif€a€personal€representative,€trustee,€guardian,€orŠ 4„ Šreceiver€resigns,€is€removed,€or€dies.šš€€The€Committee€agreed€byŠ ā2 Šconsensus€to€Mr.€Bowenššs€suggestion.€€Š ą  Šą  ąMs.€Potter€suggested€that€a€new€subsection€(7)€be€added€toŠ >!Ž" Šsection€(a)€of€Rule€2„241,€š šfor€good€causešš€that€would€serve€as€aŠ ģ"<$ Šcatchall€category.€€If€a€suit€is€filed€against€a€group€ofŠ š$ź& Šinsurers€and€afterwards€the€group€changes€its€name,€the€Rule€doesŠ H&˜!( Šnot€provide€for€substitution.€€The€Vice€Chair€noted€that€the€RuleŠ ö'F#* Šprovides€that€pleadings€cannot€be€amended€to€include€a€new€partyŠ ¤)ō$, Šunless€another€party€remains.€€Judge€McAuliffe€pointed€out€thatŠ R+¢&. Šin€the€case€referred€to€by€Ms.€Potter,€it€is€simply€a€matter€ofŠ -P(0 Šthe€wrong€name.€€The€Vice€Chair€inquired€if€in€Ms.€Potterššs€case,Š ®.ž)2 Šthe€company€did€not€previously€exist€or€if€it€was€a€matter€of€aŠ ° Šmisnomer.€€Ms.€Potter€answered€that€it€was€a€misnomer.€€The€ViceŠ ^® ŠChair€said€that€in€that€situation,€the€pleading€could€be€amended.€Š  \ ŠThe€consensus€of€the€Committee€was€that€a€catchall€provision€isŠ ŗ  Šnot€needed.€€The€Committee€approved€the€Rule€as€amended.Š h ø Šą  ąMr.€Brault€presented€Rule€2„341,€Amendment€of€Pleadings,€forŠ  f  Šthe€Committeeššs€consideration.€€Š Ä  ŠŅ` °ŅŅ` °ŅÓÓĢą@˜ ˜ ģąMARYLAND€RULES€OF€PROCEDUREˆŠ I™  ŠĢą@Œ Œ ģąTITLE€2€„€CIVIL€PROCEDURE„„CIRCUIT€COURTˆŠ ÷G ŠĢą@ø ø ģąCHAPTER€300€„€PLEADINGS€AND€MOTIONSˆŠ „õ ŠĢĢĢą ø ąAMEND€Rule€2„341€to€add€certainŠ Q Šrequirements€concerning€the€highlighting€ofŠ Ų( Šamendments€to€pleadings,€as€follows:Š Æ’ ŠĢĢRule€2-341.€€AMENDMENT€OF€PLEADINGS€Š 4„ ŠĢĢ€€(a)€€Prior€to€15€Days€of€Trial€DateŠ ¹  ŠĢą ø ą€€A€party€may€file€an€amendment€to€aŠ g ·! Špleading€at€any€time€prior€to€15€days€of€aŠ >!Ž" Šscheduled€trial€date.€€Within€15€days€afterŠ "e# Šservice€of€an€amendment,€any€other€party€toŠ ģ"<$ Šthe€action€may€file€€a€motion€to€strikeŠ Ć#% Šsetting€forth€reasons€why€the€court€shouldŠ š$ź& Šnot€allow€the€amendment.€€If€an€amendmentŠ q%Į ' Šintroduces€new€facts€or€varies€the€case€in€aŠ H&˜!( Šmaterial€respect,€an€adverse€party€who€wishesŠ 'o") Što€contest€new€facts€or€allegations€shallŠ ö'F#* Šfile€a€new€or€additional€answer€to€theŠ Ķ($+ Šamendment€within€the€time€remaining€to€answerŠ ¤)ō$, Šthe€original€pleading€or€within€15€days€afterŠ {*Ė%- Šservice€of€the€amendment,€whichever€is€later.€Š R+¢&. ŠIf€no€new€or€additional€answer€is€filedŠ ),y'/ Šwithin€the€time€allowed,€the€answerŠ -P(0 Špreviously€filed€shall€be€treated€as€theŠ ×-')1 Šanswer€to€the€amendment.€€Š ®.ž)2 Š‡€€(b)€€Within€15€Days€of€Trial€Date€andŠ ° ŠThereafterŠ ‡× ŠĢą ø ą€€Within€15€days€of€a€scheduled€trialŠ 5… Šdate€or€after€trial€has€commenced,€a€partyŠ  \ Šmay€file€an€amendment€to€a€pleading€only€byŠ ć3 Šwritten€consent€of€the€adverse€party€or€byŠ ŗ  Šleave€of€court.€€If€the€amendment€introducesŠ ‘ į Šnew€facts€or€varies€the€case€in€a€materialŠ h ø Šrespect,€the€new€facts€or€allegations€shallŠ ?   Šbe€treated€as€having€been€denied€by€theŠ  f  Šadverse€party.€€The€court€shall€not€grant€aŠ ķ =  Šcontinuance€or€mistrial€unless€the€ends€ofŠ Ä  Šjustice€so€require.€€Š ›ė  ŠĢCommittee€note:€€By€leave€of€court,€the€courtŠ I™  Šmay€grant€leave€to€amend€the€amount€sought€inŠ  p  Ša€demand€for€a€money€judgment€after€a€juryŠ ÷G Šverdict€is€returned.€€Š Ī ŠĢ€€(c)€€ScopeŠ |Ģ ŠĢą ø ą€€An€amendment€may€seek€to€(1)€changeŠ *z Šthe€nature€of€the€action€or€defense,€(2)€setŠ Q Šforth€a€better€statement€of€facts€concerningŠ Ų( Šany€matter€already€raised€in€a€pleading,€(3)Š Æ’ Šset€forth€transactions€or€events€that€haveŠ †Ö Šoccurred€since€the€filing€of€the€pleadingŠ ]­ Šsought€to€be€amended,€(4)€correct€misnomer€ofŠ 4„ Ša€party,€(5)€correct€misjoinder€or€nonjoinderŠ  [ Šof€a€party€so€long€as€one€of€the€originalŠ ā2 Šplaintiffs€and€one€of€the€original€defendantsŠ ¹  Šremain€as€parties€to€the€action,€(6)€add€aŠ ą  Šparty€or€parties,€(7)€make€any€otherŠ g ·! Šappropriate€change.€€Amendments€shall€beŠ >!Ž" Šfreely€allowed€when€justice€so€permits.€Š "e# ŠErrors€or€defects€in€a€pleading€not€correctedŠ ģ"<$ Šby€an€amendment€shall€be€disregarded€unlessŠ Ć#% Šthey€affect€the€substantial€rights€of€theŠ š$ź& Šparties.Š q%Į ' ŠĢ€€ņņ(d)€€Highlighting€of€AmendmentsóóŠ 'o") ŠĢą ø ą€€ņņUnless€otherwise€ordered€by€the€court,Š Ķ($+ Ša€party€filing€an€amended€pleading€shallŠ ¤)ō$, Šprovide€to€all€counsel€and€to€the€clerk€(1)€aŠ {*Ė%- Šclean€copy€of€the€amended€pleading€and€(2)€aŠ R+¢&. Šcopy€of€the€amended€pleading€in€whichŠ ),y'/ Šstricken€material€has€been€lined€through€orŠ -P(0 Šenclosed€in€brackets€and€new€material€hasŠ ×-')1 Šbeen€underlined€or€set€forth€in€bold„facedŠ ®.ž)2 Štype.óóŠ ° ŠĢ€€ņ ņ(d)ó ó€ņņ(e)óó€If€New€Party€AddedŠ ^® ŠĢą ø ą€€If€a€new€party€is€added€by€amendment,Š  \ Šthe€amending€party€shall€cause€a€summons€andŠ ć3 Šcomplaint,€together€with€a€copy€of€allŠ ŗ  Špleadings,€scheduling€notices,€court€orders,Š ‘ į Šand€other€papers€previously€filed€in€theŠ h ø Šaction,€to€be€served€upon€the€new€party.€€Š ?   ŠĢSource:€€This€Rule€is€derived€as€follows:€€Š ķ =  Š€€Section€(a)€is€derived€from€former€RuleŠ Ä  Š320.€€Š ›ė  Š€€Section€(b)€is€new€and€is€derived€in€partŠ rĀ  Šfrom€former€Rule€320€e.€€Š I™  Š€€Section€(c)€is€derived€from€sections€a€2,Š  p  Š3,€4,€b€1€and€d€5€of€former€Rule€320€andŠ ÷G Šformer€Rule€379.Š Ī Š€€ņņSection€(d)€is€derived€from€the€2001Š „õ Šversion€of€L.R.€103€(6)(c)€of€the€Rules€ofŠ |Ģ Šthe€District€Court€for€the€United€StatesŠ S£ ŠDistrict€of€Maryland.ó󀀩 *z Š€€Section€ņ ņ(d)ó ó€ņņ(e)óó€is€new.€€Š Q ŠĢĢŅ°` ŅŅ°` Ņą  ąRule€2„341€was€accompanied€by€the€following€Reporterššs€Note.Š †Ö ŠĢŅ` °ŅŅ` °Ņą ø ąBased€on€a€suggestion€from€the€HonorableŠ 4„ ŠPaul€A.€Hackner,€the€Process,€Parties€&Š  [ ŠPleading€Subcommittee€recommends€that€Rule€2„Š ā2 Š341€be€amended€to€require€that€a€party€filingŠ ¹  Šan€amended€pleading€highlight€the€changesŠ ą  Šmade€by€the€amendment.€€The€SubcommitteeŠ g ·! Šrecommends€that€the€procedure€track€theŠ >!Ž" Šprocedure€set€forth€in€L.R.€103€(6)(c)€of€theŠ "e# ŠRules€of€the€United€States€District€Court€forŠ ģ"<$ Šthe€District€of€Maryland.Š Ć#% ŠĢą ø ąThe€Subcommittee€is€divided€as€toŠ q%Į ' Šwhether€a€comparable€amendment€should€be€madeŠ H&˜!( Što€Rule€3„341€and€requests€that€the€RulesŠ 'o") ŠCommittee€address€this€matter€as€a€policyŠ ö'F#* Šissue.Š Ķ($+ Š€ĢĢĢŅ°` ŅŅ°` ŅÓÓą  ąMr.€Brault€explained€that€the€Honorable€Paul€A.€Hackner,€aŠ ),y'/ ŠJudge€of€the€Circuit€Court€for€Anne€Arundel€County,€had€suggestedŠ ×-')1 Šthat€Rule€2„341€require€that€a€party€who€files€an€amendedŠ ° Špleading€required€to€highlight€the€changes€made€by€the€amendment.€Š ^® ŠThe€Process,€Parties,€and€Pleading€Subcommittee€believes€thatŠ  \ ŠJudge€Hacknerššs€idea€is€a€good€one.€€When€there€are€changes€toŠ ŗ  Švery€long€complaints€or€answers,€it€is€difficult€to€tell€what€hasŠ h ø Šbeen€amended.€€The€change€to€the€Rule€would€require€the€personŠ  f  Šamending€to€highlight€the€amendments.€€Mr.€Maloney€expressed€hisŠ Ä  Šagreement€with€Judge€Hackner,€but€he€suggested€that€there€be€aŠ rĀ  Šrequirement€that€the€court€request€the€highlighting€or€that€aŠ  p  Šparty€file€a€motion€before€the€person€amending€has€to€highlightŠ Ī Šthe€changes.€€There€are€so€many€amended€complaints€that€this€mayŠ |Ģ Šcreate€a€burden€for€practitioners.Š *z Šą  ąMr.€Klein€suggested€that€a€threshold€number€of€pages€couldŠ Ų( Šbe€added.€€Mr.€Shipley€pointed€out€that€there€would€be€a€filingŠ †Ö Šspace€problem€if€both€clean€and€marked€copies€of€amendedŠ 4„ Špleadings€are€filed.€€Mr.€Brault€suggested€that€the€Rule€couldŠ ā2 Šrequire€the€filing€of€only€those€parts€of€the€pleadings€that€haveŠ ą  Šbeen€amended.€€Ms.€Potter€remarked€that€if€an€amended€complaintŠ >!Ž" Šis€filed€to€bring€in€a€new€party,€the€entire€complaint€has€to€beŠ ģ"<$ Šfiled.€€Mr.€Brault€said€that€the€new€party€receives€the€amendedŠ š$ź& Špleading€as€do€the€remaining€parties.€€Judge€Missouri€commentedŠ H&˜!( Šthat€Judge€Hackner,€as€a€Business€and€Technology€Case€managementŠ ö'F#* ŠProgram€judge,€sees€many€amended€complaints.€€Ordinarily,€inŠ ¤)ō$, Šother€cases,€highlighting€the€amendments€to€pleadings€is€not€asŠ R+¢&. Šimportant.€€Even€if€the€Rule€provides€that€the€court€must€ask€forŠ -P(0 Šthe€highlighting,€there€will€be€still€be€a€great€amount€of€paperŠ ®.ž)2 Što€be€filed.€€€Š ° Šą  ąThe€Chair€pointed€out€that€even€without€a€Rule,€a€judge€canŠ ^® Šask€for€amendments€to€be€highlighted.€€Mr.€Bowen€said€that€heŠ  \ Šdoes€not€think€that€it€would€be€a€problem€to€require€the€cleanŠ ŗ  Šcopy€of€the€amended€pleading€to€be€filed€in€the€clerkššs€office.Š h ø ŠThe€highlighted€version€would€be€for€the€convenience€of€the€judgeŠ  f  Šand€the€parties.€€The€Chair€asked€if€this€change€could€be€made€inŠ Ä  Šthe€Business€and€Technology€rules.€€The€Vice€Chair€answered€thatŠ rĀ  Šshe€preferred€that€the€change€be€made€to€Rule€2„341,€as€proposed.Š  p  ŠThis€is€similar€to€the€local€rule€of€the€United€States€DistrictŠ Ī ŠCourt€for€the€District€of€Maryland,€L.R.€103€(6)(c).€€SheŠ |Ģ Šexpressed€the€view€that€the€highlighting€should€be€automatic€andŠ *z Šnot€based€on€the€court€looking€at€each€case.€€It€is€much€harderŠ Ų( Što€redline€changes€after€the€fact.€€€Š †Ö Šą  ąThe€Chair€commented€that€there€is€no€parallel€rule€in€TitleŠ 4„ Š3€applicable€to€the€amendment€of€pleadings€in€the€District€CourtŠ ā2 Šof€Maryland.€€Mr.€Brault€reiterated€that€what€should€have€to€beŠ ą  Šfiled€is€a€copy€of€the€highlighted€portion€only,€which€wouldŠ >!Ž" Šreduce€the€amount€of€paper€filed.€€The€Chair€observed€that€theŠ ģ"<$ Šfederal€courts€are€computerized,€and€no€papers€are€filed.€€Mr.Š š$ź& ŠJohnson€inquired€as€to€whether€there€will€be€electronic€filing€inŠ H&˜!( ŠBusiness€and€Technology€cases.€€Judge€Heller€replied€that€thereŠ ö'F#* Šwill€be€in€the€future.€€Mr.€Sykes€questioned€whether€theŠ ¤)ō$, Šhighlighted€copy€is€part€of€the€court€record.€€Judge€HellerŠ R+¢&. Šresponded€affirmatively.€€Mr.€Sykes€noted€that€if€the€judge€getsŠ -P(0 Šthe€highlighted€copy,€it€may€not€get€into€the€clerkššs€file.€Š ®.ž)2 ŠJudge€Heller€explained€that€it€would€go€into€the€official€courtŠ ° Šfile.€€The€judge€can€ask€for€a€courtesy€copy,€but€the€filed€copyŠ ^® Šcannot€be€removed€from€the€file.€€Mr.€Bowen€remarked€that€theŠ  \ Šhighlighted€copy€is€for€the€convenience€of€the€court€only€and€isŠ ŗ  Šnot€part€of€the€clerkššs€file.€€Š h ø Šą  ąThe€Chair€said€that€when€the€complaint€is€amended,€a€judgeŠ  f  Šmay€not€even€have€been€assigned€to€the€case€yet,€but€in€theŠ Ä  Šfederal€court,€a€judge€has€already€been€assigned.€€Judge€HellerŠ rĀ  Šobserved€that€if€the€highlighted€copy€is€in€the€court€record,€itŠ  p  Šwill€not€be€lost.€€The€Vice€Chair€said€that€one€judge€may€beŠ Ī Šassigned€to€the€case€to€hear€a€motion€to€dismiss,€but€a€motionŠ |Ģ Šfor€summary€judgment€may€go€to€a€different€judge.€€Mr.€MaloneyŠ *z Šcommented€that€the€proposed€change€would€benefit€counsel€as€well;Š Ų( Šotherwise,€counsel€would€have€to€compare€the€original€and€theŠ †Ö Šamended€documents.€€Š 4„ Šą  ąJudge€McAuliffe€expressed€the€opinion€that€subsection€(d)(1)Š ā2 Šis€not€necessary.€€Mr.€Klein€suggested€that€the€Rule€could€placeŠ ą  Šthe€burden€on€the€party€filing€an€amended€pleading€to€retain€aŠ >!Ž" Šhighlighted€copy€of€it,€so€that€it€is€not€lost.€€The€procedureŠ ģ"<$ Šwould€be€similar€to€that€of€the€circuit€court€discovery€rules.€Š š$ź& ŠMr.€Brault€suggested€that€if€the€highlighted€copy€is€sent€to€theŠ H&˜!( Šother€party,€a€copy€should€go€into€the€court€file.€€Mr.€MaloneyŠ ö'F#* Šnoted€that€a€200„page€clean€copy€could€be€300€pages€highlighted.€Š ¤)ō$, ŠThis€would€add€volumes€to€the€court€files.€€A€judge€can€requestŠ R+¢&. Šthe€highlighted€copy.€€In€the€Business€and€Technology€rules,€thisŠ -P(0 Šcould€be€a€part€of€the€scheduling€order.€€Mr.€Shipley€askedŠ ®.ž)2 Šwhether,€instead€of€filing€two€copies,€only€the€highlighted€copyŠ ° Šcould€be€filed.€€The€Reporter€pointed€out€that€this€may€be€hardŠ ^® Što€read.€€€The€Chair€noted€that€the€trial€should€be€based€on€theŠ  \ Šclean€amended€complaint.€€He€suggested€that€proposed€section€(d)Š ŗ  Šbe€moved€to€section€(e)€and€that€the€attorney€who€is€filing€theŠ h ø Šamended€pleading€be€required€to€provide€all€counsel€with€a€copyŠ  f  Šof€the€highlighted€amended€complaint.€€€€Š Ä  Šą  ąMr.€Bowen€moved€that€the€phrase€š šUnless€otherwise€ordered€byŠ rĀ  Šthe€court€...šš€be€changed€to€š šIf€ordered€by€the€court€...,šš€andŠ  p  Šthe€rest€of€the€language€would€remain.€€The€motion€was€seconded.€Š Ī ŠMr.€Sykes€suggested€that€the€word€š šorderedšš€be€changed€to€theŠ |Ģ Šword€š šrequested.šš€€Mr.€Bowen€agreed€to€this€amendment€of€hisŠ *z Šmotion,€as€did€the€person€seconding€the€motion.€€The€ReporterŠ Ų( Šreferred€to€the€point€made€by€the€Vice€Chair€that€ordering€orŠ †Ö Šrequesting€that€a€highlighted€version€be€prepared€after€theŠ 4„ Šamendments€have€been€made€can€be€difficult.€€Mr.€Maloney€notedŠ ā2 Šthat€if€the€document€is€created€on€the€computer€in€MicrosoftŠ ą  ŠWord,€generating€the€highlighted€copy€is€easier€after€the€fact,Š >!Ž" Šif€the€attorney€saved€an€electronic€copy€of€the€pleading€beforeŠ ģ"<$ Šthe€changes€were€made.€€Mr.€Klein€remarked€that€in€a€single€wordŠ š$ź& Šprocessing€file,€generating€the€highlighted€copy€after€theŠ H&˜!( Šamendments€to€the€document€have€been€made€is€difficult.€€Mr.Š ö'F#* ŠJohnson€added€that€once€the€court€orders€the€preparation€of€aŠ ¤)ō$, Šhighlighted€copy,€it€is€too€late.€€The€Chair€commented€that€it€isŠ R+¢&. Špreferable€to€do€the€later€work€than€to€require€everyone€to€fileŠ -P(0 Ša€highlighted€copy€of€an€amended€pleading.€€Mr.€Sykes€withdrewŠ ®.ž)2 Šhis€amendment€to€change€š šorderedšš€to€š šrequested.šš€€The€ChairŠ ° Šstated€that€the€language€of€Mr.€Bowenššs€motion€is€š šif€ordered€byŠ ^® Šthe€court.šš€€Š  \ Šą  ąMr.€Klein€expressed€his€preference€for€an€automaticŠ ŗ  Šprocedure.€€The€Vice€Chair€said€that€the€Subcommittee€versionŠ h ø Šstands€unless€it€is€amended.€€The€Chair€called€for€a€vote€on€Mr.Š  f  ŠBowenššs€motion.€€There€were€10€in€favor,€and€seven€opposed.€€TheŠ Ä  ŠReporter€suggested€that€in€subsection€(2)€of€section€(d)€theŠ rĀ  Šfollowing€language€should€be€added€š šthat€portion€ofšš€so€theŠ  p  Šwording€of€that€subsection€would€be:€š ša€copy€of€that€portion€ofŠ Ī Šthe€amended€pleading...šš.€€The€Committee€agreed€to€this€change€byŠ |Ģ Šconsensus.€€The€Chair€suggested€that€the€order€of€sections€(d)Š *z Šand€(e)€be€reversed,€and€the€Committee€agreed€by€consensus€toŠ Ų( Šthis€suggestion.€€Š †Ö Šą  ąMs.€Potter€expressed€the€concern€that€the€new€provision€willŠ 4„ Šcreate€a€burden.€€Mr.€Klein€reiterated€that€it€might€be€better€toŠ ā2 Šadd€in€a€threshold€page€limit.€€The€Vice€Chair€noted€that€a€cleanŠ ą  Šcopy€also€has€to€be€filed.€€Judge€McAuliffe€inquired€as€to€whyŠ >!Ž" Šthis€is€so.€€Mr.€Brault€remarked€that€the€Style€Subcommittee€canŠ ģ"<$ Šwork€this€out.€€The€Vice€Chair€observed€that€by€using€the€wordŠ š$ź& Šš šordered,šš€the€court€could€issue€a€standing€order€which€wouldŠ H&˜!( Šsupersede€the€Rule€and€become€a€local€rule.€€The€Rule€shouldŠ ö'F#* Šstate€what€is€expected€rather€than€encourage€different€rules€inŠ ¤)ō$, Šdifferent€courts.€€Š R+¢&. Šą  ąMr.€Maloney€commented€that€this€proposed€change€is€onlyŠ -P(0 Šrelevant€in€the€Business€and€Technology€cases,€but€it€applies€toŠ ®.ž)2 Šany€pleading,€answer,€or€cross„claim.€€€Mr.€Sykes€moved€forŠ ° Šreconsideration€of€the€vote.€€The€motion€was€seconded.€€JudgeŠ ^® ŠDryden€suggested€that€the€Subcommittee€look€at€the€Rule€again.€€€Š  \ ŠThe€Chair€suggested€that€the€Subcommittee€check€with€theŠ ŗ  ŠConference€of€Circuit€Judges€as€to€whether€the€change€should€beŠ h ø Šmade€across€the€board€or€only€in€Business€and€Technology€cases.€€Š  f  ŠMr.€Sykes€recommended€that€the€clerks€be€asked€for€their€opinion.€Š Ä  ŠMr.€Bowen€stated€that€a€highlighted€copy€of€amendments€toŠ rĀ  Špleadings€should€not€be€filed€with€the€clerkššs€office.€€The€ChairŠ  p  Šcalled€for€a€vote€on€the€motion€to€reconsider€amending€the€Rule,Š Ī Šand€the€motion€passed€unanimously.€€The€Chair€stated€that€theŠ |Ģ ŠRule€will€be€reconsidered€by€the€Process,€Parties,€and€PleadingŠ *z ŠSubcommittee,€and€that€the€Conferences€of€Circuit€Judges€andŠ Ų( ŠCircuit€Court€Clerks€would€be€consulted.Š †Ö ŠÓÓĢAgenda€Item€4.€€Consideration€of€a€š šhousekeepingšš€amendment€toŠ  [ Š€€Rule€8„131€(Scope€of€Review)Š ā2 Š________________________________________________________________Š ¹  ŠĢĢÓÓą  ąThe€Reporter€presented€Rule€8„131,€Scope€of€Review,€for€theŠ >!Ž" ŠCommitteeššs€consideration.€€Š ģ"<$ ŠŅ` °ŅŅ` °ŅÓÓŌ‡XékXX Xī¾ŌĢą@˜ ˜ ģąMARYLAND€RULES€OF€PROCEDUREˆŠ b%² ' ŠĢą@Œ Œ ģąTITLE€8€„€APPELLATE€REVIEW€IN€THE€COURT€ˆŠ ņ&B") Šą@Č Č ģąOF€APPEALS€AND€COURT€OF€SPECIAL€APPEALSˆŠ ŗ' #* ŠĢą@l l ģąCHAPTER€100€„€GENERAL€PROVISIONSˆŠ J)š$, ŠĢĢą ø ąAMEND€Rule€8„131€to€delete€a€certainŠ ¢+ņ&/ Šobsolete€cross€reference,€as€follows:Š j,ŗ'0 ŠĢŠ ś-J)2 ŠRule€8„131.€€SCOPE€OF€REVIEWŠ ° ŠĢĢ€€(a)€€GenerallyŠ X ŠĢą ø ą€€The€issues€of€jurisdiction€of€theŠ ˜č Štrial€court€over€the€subject€matter€and,Š ` ° Šunless€waived€under€Rule€2-322,€over€a€personŠ ( x Šmay€be€raised€in€and€decided€by€the€appellateŠ š @ Šcourt€whether€or€not€raised€in€and€decided€byŠ ø   Šthe€trial€court.€€Ordinarily,€the€appellateŠ € Š  Šcourt€will€not€decide€any€other€issue€unlessŠ H ˜  Šit€plainly€appears€by€the€record€to€have€beenŠ `  Šraised€in€or€decided€by€the€trial€court,€butŠ Ų(  Šthe€Court€may€decide€such€an€issue€ifŠ  š  Šnecessary€or€desirable€to€guide€the€trialŠ hø  Šcourt€or€to€avoid€the€expense€and€delay€ofŠ 0€  Šanother€appeal.€€Š ųH  Šņ ņĢCross€reference:€€Code,€Courts€Article,Š ˆŲ Ššš3-832.ó 󀀩 P  ŠĢ€€€.€.€.Š ą0 ŠĢĢŅ°` ŅŅ°` Ņą  ąRule€8„131€was€accompanied€by€the€following€Reporterššs€Note.Š 8ˆ ŠĢŅ` °ŅŅ` °Ņą ø ąThe€cross€reference€that€follows€sectionŠ Č Š(a)€of€Rule€8„131€is€proposed€to€be€deletedŠ ą Šin€light€of€the€repeal€of€Code,€CourtsŠ XØ ŠArticle,€šš3„832€by€Chapter€414,€Acts€of€2001,Š  p Šeffective€March€1,€2002.Š č8 ŠŌ#† Xī¾XXXék(5#ŌĢĢŅ°` ŅŅ°` ŅÓÓą  ąThe€Reporter€explained€that€Code,€Courts€Article,€šš3„832,Š ^®" Šwhich€had€been€applicable€when€the€District€Court€was€hearingŠ  !\$ Šjuvenile€cases€in€Montgomery€County,€has€been€repealed.€€One€ofŠ ŗ" & Šthe€publishers€of€the€Maryland€Rules€questioned€whether€thereŠ h$ø( Šshould€be€a€general€cross€reference€to€all€of€the€appellateŠ &f!* Šprovisions€in€the€Courts€Article,€but€this€is€not€the€way€theŠ Ä'#, ŠRules€are€structured.€€It€is€preferable€to€delete€the€provision.€Š r)Ā$. ŠThe€Committee€agreed€by€consensus€to€the€deletion.Š  +p&0 Šą  ąThe€Chair€adjourned€the€meeting.Š Ī,(2 Š