’WPC% žC5>Ž^]Ūø“+„Œé¦œ0¹Ę×[‘q6†Ņ« OŪ¼f(Ł7:?(YĀ“ĘXĶ,£`Zļ§’Իڸ;Ši˜˜ĄYč˜I”ųrž9ęÓ 4Ķtu(\—Ņ1ć’49vƘ?WĢā®@x]éQK—ą‰ūߐ¼Š„ė®­Ę(p-5¼#ØŠ€ĄżždļQ½±Vāć0 é˜D¢Z“‚^гčņ„üZ^YŸ”|,›ć“0°eĶ×fžwdJa}& \¹³IŹĆ"šŽ)ü›ĖBC½×é,jjm21nßdÜyĒcGynQ»ŅĮXk”6EÉ×:}q ó³Pć,!Ö(¬zY9ŖŚē—1ĢŽī“搒XŹ13²Ļ‚Į<ģŃ1€ؐ@·Šr ‰½n»[²bŹ. XRķóeh>:M.I™«OŁDŗué·6ŚŖ^öX‚”Ą8ŅՋ;+ —Å>ĘģąT•ØūnQŪ€K|'>ü*ÅOÅ©ÉNŠ8:ū£īŃwŸ1č#øĒ’žÕ[ž¬S"Ē^vó|¬OÓ«P“Ś_›.†·Ā±Ü„`¤Fa^ #ĮüUN½ %  0:^ KwW4[o~ m€N—U:™UFÓbUF! 0¶g˜HP LaserJet 4000 Series PCL$,,,,$0(ÖĆ9 Z‹6Times New Roman RegularX(üœ$””ŌUSUS.,Ō5Š-ā rVĆ,ź:i¢×+003|x‡’U‹’ĄĄĄ<ž6X9`("Courier 10cpi<4šŪ 9Z+‹.Courier New Regular- ł-<4šŪ 9Z+.Courier New Regular(Ž3,C$©©Ż ƒŅ!ŻÓÓÓ  ÓѰ°ŃŃX°ŃŃ8€ ÉBXXdČdČ8ŃŻ  Ż Ż ƒüœ!ŻŌUSUS.,ŌŻ  ŻŌ_ŌŃX°ŃŌ€ XiÖXXXŌŃ€ŃŃ8€łLXXdģdČ8ŃŃ  Ńą@| | ģąCOURT€OF€APPEALS€STANDING€COMMITTEE€ˆŠ ° Šą@ō ō ģąņņON€RULES€OF€PRACTICE€AND€PROCEDUREóóˆŠ †Ö ŠĢĢĢÓÓą  ąMinutes€of€a€meeting€of€the€Rules€Committee€held€in€RoomŠ Ž. Š1100B€of€the€Peopleššs€Resource€Center,€100€Community€Place,Š Š Ś ŠCrownsville,€Maryland€on€June€21,€2002.Š 6 †  ŠÓÓĢą  ąMembers€presents:Š ø  ŠĢHon.€Joseph€F.€Murphy,€Jr.,€ChairŠ d“  ŠLinda€M.€Ō_ŌSchuettŌ_Ō,€Esq.,€Vice€ChairŠ :Š  ŠĢAlbert€D.€Brault,€Esq.ą0 h ąą0Ąh(#h(#ąą0Ą(#Ą(#ąHon.€William€D.€MissouriŠę6(#(# ŠHon.€James€W.€Drydeną0 h ąą0Ąh(#h(#ąą0Ą(#Ą(#ąHon.€John€L.€Norton,€IIIм (#(# ŠHon.€Ellen€M.€Hellerą0 h ąą0Ąh(#h(#ąą0Ą(#Ą(#ąDebbie€L.€Potter,€Esq.Š’ā(#(# ŠBayard€Z.€Hochberg,€Esq.ą0 h ąą0Ąh(#h(#ąą0Ą(#Ą(#ąLarry€W.€Shipley,€ClerkŠhø(#(# ŠHon.€G.€R.€Hovey€Johnsoną0 h ąą0Ąh(#h(#ąą0Ą(#Ą(#ąSen.€Norman€R.€Stone,€Jr.Š>Ž(#(# ŠHarry€S.€Johnson,€Esq.ą0 h ąą0Ąh(#h(#ąą0Ą(#Ą(#ąMelvin€J.€Sykes,€Esq.Šd(#(# ŠHon.€Joseph€H.€H.€Kaplaną0 h ąą0Ąh(#h(#ąą0Ą(#Ą(#ąRoger€W.€Titus,€Esq.Šź:(#(# ŠRichard€M.€Karceski,€Esq.ą0 Ą ąą0Ą(#Ą(#ąDel.€Joseph€F.€Vallario,€Jr.ŠĄ(#(# ŠRobert€D.€Klein,€Esq.ą0 h ąą0Ąh(#h(#ąą0Ą(#Ą(#ąRobert€A.€Zarnoch,€Esq.Š–ę(#(# ŠĢĢą  ąIn€attendance:Š h ŠĢSandra€F.€Haines,€Esq.,€ReporterŠ Ä ŠSherie€B.€Libber,€Esq.,€Assistant€ReporterŠ šź ŠMark€Wolfson,€Rules€Committee€InternŠ pĄ  ŠBarry€Wolf,€Esq.Š F –! ŠBrian€Frank,€Esq.Š !l" ŠChris€Flohr,€Esq.Š ņ!B# ŠGlenn€Grossman,€Esq.,€Attorney€Grievance€CommissionŠ Č"$ ŠProfessor€Byron€Warnken,€University€of€Baltimore€School€of€LawŠ ž#ī% ŠProfessor€Doug€Colbert,€University€of€Maryland€School€of€LawŠ t$Ä& ŠCarey€Deeley,€Esq.Š J%š ' ŠElizabeth€B.€Veronis,€Esq.,€Court€Information€OfficeŠ  &p!( ŠĢĢĢÓÓą  ąThe€Chair€convened€the€meeting.€€He€said€that€several€guestsŠ x)Č$, Šwere€present€for€the€discussion€of€Rules€4„216,€Pretrial€ReleaseŠ $+t&. Šand€4„217,€Bail€Bonds.€€He€announced€that€Mr.€Brault€had€been€Š  Š, (0 Šawarded€the€H.€Vernon€Eney€award€by€the€Maryland€Bar€Foundation.€€Š ° ŠThe€Chair€also€announced€that€this€was€the€last€meeting€Mr.Š \¬ ŠHochberg€would€be€attending,€because€he€was€retiring€from€theŠ X Špractice€of€law€and€moving€to€Charlottesville,€Virginia.€€TheŠ “  ŠChair€thanked€Mr.€Hochberg€for€his€service€on€the€Rules€CommitteeŠ ` ° Šand€wished€him€well€on€his€retirement.€€Š  \  Šą  ąThe€Reporter€introduced€Mark€Wolfson,€an€intern€in€the€RulesŠ ø  ŠCommittee€office€who€had€just€finished€his€first€year€as€a€lawŠ d“  Šstudent€at€the€University€of€Baltimore.€€The€Reporter€said€thatŠ `  Šhe€is€working€on€some€legal€research€for€some€of€the€RulesŠ ¼  ŠCommittee€subcommittees.€€Š hø Šą  ąThe€Chair€asked€if€there€were€any€additions€or€correctionsŠ d Što€the€Minutes€of€the€January€4,€2002,€February€15,€2002,€andŠ Ą ŠApril€12,€2002€Rules€Committee€meetings.€€There€being€none,€JudgeŠ l¼ ŠKaplan€moved€to€adopt€the€Ō_ŌMinutesŌ_Ō€as€presented,€the€motion€wasŠ h Šseconded,€and€it€passed€unanimously.€€Š Ä Šą  ąThe€Chair€stated€that€the€date€of€the€May€2003€RulesŠ pĄ  ŠCommittee€meeting€had€been€changed€from€May€9€to€May€16,€becauseŠ !l" Šthe€original€date€was€in€conflict€with€the€meeting€of€theŠ Č"$ ŠMaryland€Judicial€Conference.Š t$Ä& ŠÓÓĢAgenda€Item€1.€€Reconsideration€of€proposed€amendments€to€RulesŠ ö&F") Š€€4„216€(Pretrial€Release)€and€4„217€(Bail€Bonds)Š Ģ'#* Š_______________________________________________________________Š ¢(ņ#+ ŠĢĢÓÓą  ąJudge€Johnson€presented€Rules€4„216,€Pretrial€Release€and€Š $+t&. Š4„217,€Bail€Bonds,€for€the€Committeeššs€consideration.€€€Š Š, (0 ŠÓÓŠ |.Ģ)2 ŠŅ` °ŅŅ` °Ņą@˜ ˜ ģąMARYLAND€RULES€OF€PROCEDUREˆŠ ° Šą@ģģ*ģąˆĢą@ģąTITLE€4€„€CRIMINAL€CAUSESˆŠ \¬ ŠĢą@0 0 ģąCHAPTER€200€„€PRETRIAL€PROCEDURESˆŠ X ŠĢĢą ø ąAMEND€Rule€4„216€to€change€the€wordŠ Š Ś Šš šassurešš€to€the€word€š šensurešš€throughout€theŠ ` ° ŠRule,€to€delete€current€section€(a),€to€add€aŠ 6 †  Šnew€section€(a)€explaining€the€RuleššsŠ  \  Špurpose,€to€add€certain€new€Code€references,Š ā 2  Što€add€language€in€section€(b)€€clarifyingŠ ø  Šthat€a€judge€may€release€a€defendant€onŠ ŽŽ  Špersonal€recognizance€with€conditionsŠ d“  Šimposed,€to€eliminate€a€certain€crossŠ :Š  Šreference,€to€change€the€tagline€of€sectionŠ `  Š(c),€to€add€new€language€to€section€(c)Š ę6 Špertaining€to€a€judge€determining€that€noŠ ¼  Šcondition€of€release€will€assure€theŠ ’ā Šappearance€of€the€defendant€and€the€safety€ofŠ hø Šthe€victim€and€the€community,€to€conformŠ >Ž Šsection€(d)€to€section€(c),€to€add€a€newŠ d Šreference€to€the€Code€and€to€add€languageŠ ź: Šrequiring€the€judicial€officer€to€place€inŠ Ą Šwriting€or€to€state€on€the€record€the€amountŠ –ę Šand€conditions€of€bail€in€section€(e),€toŠ l¼ Šconform€subsection€(f)(5)(C)€to€section€(c),Š B’ Što€conform€statutory€references€to€recentŠ h Šlegislation,€to€add€language€to€section€(i)Š ī> Šproviding€for€the€power€of€a€judge€to€alterŠ Ä Šconditions€set€by€another€judge€orŠ šź Šcommissioner,€and€to€add€cross€references€toŠ pĄ  ŠRules€1„361€and€4„347€at€the€end€of€sectionŠ F –! Š(k),€as€follows:Š !l" ŠĢĢRule€4-216.€€PRETRIAL€RELEASEŠ ž#ī% ŠĢĢ€€ņ ņ(a)€€Interim€Bailó óŠ  &p!( ŠĢą ø ą€€ņ ņPending€an€initial€appearance€by€theŠ Ģ'#* Šdefendant€before€a€judicial€officer€pursuantŠ ¢(ņ#+ Što€Rule€4-213€(a),€the€defendant€may€beŠ x)Č$, Šreleased€upon€execution€of€a€bond€in€anŠ N*ž%- Šamount€and€subject€to€conditions€specified€inŠ $+t&. Ša€schedule€that€may€be€adopted€by€the€ChiefŠ ś+J'/ ŠJudge€of€the€District€Court€for€certainŠ Š, (0 Šoffenses.€€The€Chief€Judge€may€authorizeŠ ¦-ö(1 Šdesignated€court€personnel€or€peace€officersŠ |.Ģ)2 Što€release€a€defendant€by€reference€to€theŠ ° Šschedule.ó ó€Š †Ö ŠĢ€€ņņ(a)€Construction€of€RuleóóŠ 2‚ ŠĢ€€€€€€ņņThis€Rule€shall€be€construed€liberallyŠ Ž. Što€carry€out€the€purpose€of€relying€onŠ “  Šcriminal€sanctions€instead€of€financial€lossŠ Š Ś Što€ensure€the€appearance€of€a€defendant€in€aŠ ` ° Šcriminal€case€before€verdict€or€pending€a€newŠ 6 †  Štrial.óóŠ  \  ŠĢ€€ņ ņ(c)ó ó€ņņ(b)óó€Defendants€Eligible€for€Release€byŠ ø  ŠCommissioner€or€JudgeŠ ŽŽ  ŠĢą ø ą€€ņ ņExceptó ó€ņņIn€accordance€with€this€RuleŠ :Š  Šand€Code,€Criminal€Procedure€Article,€šššš5„101Š `  Šand€5„201€and€exceptóó€as€otherwise€provided€inŠ ę6 Šsection€(d)€of€this€Rule€or€by€ņ ņlawó ó€ņņCode,Š ¼  ŠCriminal€Procedure€Article,€šššš5„201€and€5„Š ’ā Š202óó,€a€defendant€ņ ņisó ó€ņņmay€beóó€entitled€to€beŠ hø Šreleased€before€verdict€in€conformity€withŠ >Ž Šthis€Rule€ņņwith€one€or€more€conditions€imposedŠ d Šoróó€on€personal€recognizanceņņ,óó€ņ ņor€withó ó€ņņwhichŠ ź: Šmay€includeóó€one€or€more€conditions€imposedņņ,óóŠ Ą Šunless€the€judicial€officer€determines€thatŠ –ę Šno€condition€of€release€will€reasonablyŠ l¼ Šņ ņassureó ó€ņņensureóó€(1)€the€appearance€of€theŠ B’ Šdefendant€as€required€and€(2)€the€safety€ofŠ h Šthe€alleged€victim€ņņand€the€communityóó.€€Š ī> Šņ ņĢCross€reference:€€See€Code,€CriminalŠ šź ŠProcedure€Article,€šš5„101€(c)€concerningŠ pĄ  Šdefendants€who€may€not€be€released€onŠ F –! Špersonal€recognizance.ó óŠ !l" ŠĢ€€ņ ņ(b)ó ó€ņņ(c)óó€ņņArrest€Without€Warrant€š!šóó€ProbableŠ Č"$ ŠCause€DeterminationŠ ž#ī% ŠĢą ø ą€€A€defendant€arrested€without€a€warrantŠ J%š ' Šshall€be€released€on€personal€recognizanceŠ  &p!( Šunder€terms€that€do€not€significantlyŠ ö&F") Šrestrain€the€defendant's€liberty€unless€theŠ Ģ'#* Šjudicial€officer€determines€that€there€isŠ ¢(ņ#+ Šprobable€cause€to€believe€that€the€defendantŠ x)Č$, Šcommitted€an€offense€ņņand€that€no€condition€ofŠ N*ž%- Šrelease€will€reasonably€ensure€(1)€theŠ $+t&. Šappearance€of€the€defendant€as€required€andŠ ś+J'/ Š(2)€the€safety€of€the€alleged€victim€and€theŠ Š, (0 Šcommunityóó.€Š ¦-ö(1 ŠŠ |.Ģ)2 Š€€(d)€€Defendants€Eligible€for€Release€OnlyŠ ° Šby€a€JudgeŠ †Ö ŠĢą ø ą€€A€defendant€charged€with€an€offenseŠ 2‚ Šfor€which€the€maximum€penalty€is€death€orŠ X Šlife€imprisonment€or€with€an€offense€listedŠ Ž. Šunder€Code,€Criminal€Procedure€Article,€šš5„Š “  Š202€(a),€(b),€(c),€(d),€or€(e)€may€not€beŠ Š Ś Šreleased€by€a€District€Court€Commissioner,Š ` ° Šbut€may€be€released€before€verdict€or€pendingŠ 6 †  Ša€new€trial,€if€a€new€trial€has€been€ordered,Š  \  Šif€a€judge€determines€that€all€requirementsŠ ā 2  Šimposed€by€law€have€been€satisfied€and€thatŠ ø  Šone€or€more€conditions€of€release€willŠ ŽŽ  Šreasonably€ņ ņassureó ó€ņņensureóó€(1)€the€appearanceŠ d“  Šof€the€defendant€as€required€and€(2)€ņ ņif€theŠ :Š  Šdefendant€is€charged€with€an€offense€listedŠ `  Šunder€Code,€Criminal€Procedure€Article,€šš5„Š ę6 Š202€(b),€(c),€(d),€or€(e),€that€the€defendantŠ ¼  Šwill€not€pose€a€danger€to€another€person€oró óŠ ’ā Šņņthe€safety€of€the€alleged€victim€andóó€theŠ hø Šcommunity€ņ ņwhile€releasedó ó.€€Š >Ž ŠĢ€€(e)€Duties€of€Judicial€OfficerŠ ź: ŠĢ€€€€(1)€€Consideration€of€FactorsŠ –ę ŠĢą ø ą€€€€In€determining€whether€a€defendantŠ B’ Šshould€be€released€and€the€conditions€ofŠ h Šrelease,€the€judicial€officer,€on€the€basisŠ ī> Šof€information€available€or€developed€in€aŠ Ä Špretrial€release€inquiry,€may€take€intoŠ šź Šaccount:€€Š pĄ  ŠĢą ø ą€(A)€€ņ ņTheó ó€ņņtheóó€nature€and€circumstancesŠ !l" Šof€the€offense€charged,€the€nature€of€theŠ ņ!B# Ševidence€against€the€defendant,€and€theŠ Č"$ Špotential€sentence€upon€conviction,€insofarŠ ž#ī% Šas€these€factors€are€relevant€to€the€risk€ofŠ t$Ä& Šnonappearance;€€Š J%š ' ŠĢą ø ą€(B)€€ņ ņTheó ó€ņņtheóó€defendant's€prior€recordŠ ö&F") Šof€appearance€at€court€proceedings€or€flightŠ Ģ'#* Što€avoid€prosecution€or€failure€to€appear€atŠ ¢(ņ#+ Šcourt€proceedings;€€Š x)Č$, ŠĢą ø ą€(C)€€ņ ņTheó ó€ņņtheóó€defendant's€family€ties,Š $+t&. Šemployment€status€and€history,€financialŠ ś+J'/ Šresources,€reputation,€character€and€mentalŠ Š, (0 Šcondition,€length€of€residence€in€theŠ ¦-ö(1 Šcommunity,€and€length€of€residence€in€thisŠ |.Ģ)2 ŠState;€€Š ° ŠĢą ø ą€(D)€€ņ ņTheó ó€ņņtheóó€recommendation€of€anŠ \¬ Šagency€which€conducts€pretrial€releaseŠ 2‚ Šinvestigations;€€Š X ŠĢą ø ą€(E)€€ņ ņTheó ó€ņņtheóó€recommendation€of€theŠ “  ŠState's€Attorney;€€Š Š Ś ŠĢą ø ą€(F)€€ņ ņInformationó ó€ņņinformationóó€presentedŠ 6 †  Šby€defendant's€counsel;€€Š  \  ŠĢą ø ą€(G)€€ņ ņTheó ó€ņņtheóó€danger€of€the€defendant€toŠ ø  Šanother€person€or€to€the€community;€€Š ŽŽ  ŠĢą ø ą€(H)€€ņ ņTheó ó€ņņtheóó€danger€of€the€defendant€toŠ :Š  Šhimself€or€herself;€andŠ `  ŠĢą ø ą€(I)€€ņ ņAnyó ó€ņņanyóó€other€factor€bearing€onŠ ¼  Šthe€risk€of€a€wilful€failure€to€appear,Š ’ā Šincluding€prior€adjudications€of€delinquencyŠ hø Šthat€occurred€within€three€years€of€the€dateŠ >Ž Šthe€defendant€is€charged€as€an€adult€andŠ d Šprior€convictions.€€Š ź: ŠĢ€€€€(2)€€Statement€of€Reasons€-€When€RequiredŠ –ę ŠĢą ø ą€€€€Upon€determining€to€release€aŠ B’ Šdefendant€to€whom€section€(d)€of€this€RuleŠ h Šapplies€or€to€refuse€to€release€a€defendantŠ ī> Što€whom€section€(c)€of€this€Rule€applies,€theŠ Ä Šjudicial€officer€shall€state€the€reasons€inŠ šź Šwriting€or€on€the€record.€€Š pĄ  ŠĢ€€€€(3)€€Imposition€of€Conditions€of€ReleaseŠ !l" ŠĢą ø ą€€€€If€the€judicial€officer€determinesŠ Č"$ Šthat€the€defendant€should€be€released€otherŠ ž#ī% Šthan€on€personal€recognizance€without€anyŠ t$Ä& Šadditional€conditions€imposed,€the€judicialŠ J%š ' Šofficer€shall€impose€on€the€defendant€theŠ  &p!( Šleast€onerous€condition€or€combination€ofŠ ö&F") Šconditions€of€release€set€out€in€section€(f)Š Ģ'#* Šof€this€Rule€that€will€reasonably:€€Š ¢(ņ#+ ŠĢ€€€€€€(A)€€ņ ņAssureó ó€ņņensureóó€the€appearance€ofŠ N*ž%- Šthe€defendant€as€required,€€Š $+t&. ŠĢ€€€€€€(B)€€ņ ņProtectó ó€ņņpromptóó€the€safety€of€theŠ Š, (0 Šalleged€victim€by€ordering€the€defendant€toŠ ¦-ö(1 Šhave€no€contact€with€the€alleged€victim€orŠ |.Ģ)2 Šthe€alleged€victimššs€premises€or€place€ofŠ ° Šemployment€or€by€other€appropriate€order,€and€Š †Ö ŠĢ€€€€€€(C)€€ņ ņAssureó ó€ņņensureóó€that€the€defendantŠ 2‚ Šwill€not€pose€a€danger€to€ņ ņanother€person€orŠ X Štoó ó€the€community€ņ ņif€the€charge€against€theŠ Ž. Šdefendant€is€an€offense€listed€under€Code,Š “  ŠCriminal€Procedure€Article,€šš5„202€(b),€(c),Š Š Ś Š(d),€or€(e)ó ó.€€Š ` ° ŠĢ€€€€(4)€€Advice€of€Conditions€andŠ  \  ŠConsequences€of€ViolationŠ ā 2  ŠĢą ø ą€€€€The€judicial€officer€shall€adviseŠ ŽŽ  Šthe€defendant€in€writing€or€on€the€record€ofŠ d“  Šthe€conditions€of€release€imposed€and€of€theŠ :Š  Šconsequences€of€a€violation€of€any€condition.€Š `  ŠņņWhen€bail€is€required,€the€judicial€officerŠ ę6 Šshall€place€in€writing€or€state€on€the€recordŠ ¼  Šthe€amount€and€any€conditions€of€the€bail.óóŠ ’ā ŠĢ€€(f)€Conditions€of€ReleaseŠ >Ž ŠĢą ø ą€€The€conditions€of€release€imposed€by€aŠ ź: Šjudicial€officer€under€this€Rule€may€include:€Š Ą ŠĢ€€€€(1)€€ņ ņCommittingó ó€ņņcommittingóó€the€defendantŠ l¼ Što€the€custody€of€a€designated€person€orŠ B’ Šorganization€that€agrees€to€supervise€theŠ h Šdefendant€and€assist€in€ņ ņassuringó ó€ņņensuringóó€theŠ ī> Šdefendantššs€appearance€in€court;€€Š Ä ŠĢ€€€€(2)€€ņ ņPlacingó ó€ņņplacingóó€the€defendant€underŠ pĄ  Šthe€supervision€of€a€probation€officer€orŠ F –! Šother€appropriate€public€official;€€Š !l" ŠĢ€€€€(3)€€ņ ņSubjectingó ó€ņņsubjectingóó€the€defendantŠ Č"$ Što€reasonable€restrictions€with€respect€toŠ ž#ī% Štravel,€association,€or€residence€during€theŠ t$Ä& Šperiod€of€release;€€Š J%š ' ŠĢ€€€€(4)€€ņ ņRequiringó ó€ņņrequiringóó€the€defendant€toŠ ö&F") Špost€a€bail€bond€complying€with€Rule€4-217€inŠ Ģ'#* Šan€amount€and€on€conditions€specified€by€theŠ ¢(ņ#+ Šjudicial€officer€including€any€of€theŠ x)Č$, Šfollowing:€€ą h ą€Š N*ž%- ŠĢą ø ą€(A)€€without€collateral€security,€€Š ś+J'/ ŠĢą ø ą€(B)€€with€collateral€security€of€theŠ ¦-ö(1 Škind€specified€in€Rule€4-217€(e)(1)(A)€equalŠ |.Ģ)2 Šin€value€to€the€greater€of€$25.00€or€10%€ofŠ ° Šthe€full€penalty€amount,€or€a€largerŠ †Ö Špercentage€as€may€be€fixed€by€the€judicialŠ \¬ Šofficer,€€Š 2‚ ŠĢą ø ą€(C)€€with€collateral€security€of€theŠ Ž. Škind€specified€in€Rule€4-217€(e)(1)€equal€inŠ “  Švalue€to€the€full€penalty€amount,€€Š Š Ś ŠĢą ø ą€(D)€€with€the€obligation€of€aŠ 6 †  Šcorporation€that€is€an€insurer€or€otherŠ  \  Šsurety€in€the€full€penalty€amount;Š ā 2  ŠĢ€€€€(5)€€ņ ņSubjectingó ó€ņņsubjectingóó€the€defendantŠ ŽŽ  Što€any€other€condition€reasonably€necessaryŠ d“  Što:€€Š :Š  ŠĢą ø ą€(A)€€ņ ņassureó ó€ņņensureóó€the€appearance€ofŠ ę6 Šthe€defendant€as€required,€€Š ¼  ŠĢą ø ą€(B)€€protect€the€safety€of€the€allegedŠ hø Švictim,€and€€Š >Ž ŠĢą ø ą€(C)€€ņ ņassureó ó€ņņensureóó€that€the€defendantŠ ź: Šwill€not€pose€a€danger€to€ņ ņanother€person€orŠ Ą Štoó ó€the€community€ņ ņif€the€charge€against€theŠ –ę Šdefendant€is€an€offense€listed€under€Code,Š l¼ ŠCriminal€Procedure€Article,€šš5„202€(b),€(c),Š B’ Š(d),€or€(e)ó ó;€€Š h ŠĢ€€€€(6)€€ņ ņImposingó ó€ņņimposingóó€upon€theŠ Ä Šdefendant,€for€good€cause€shown,€one€or€moreŠ šź Šof€the€conditions€authorized€under€Code,Š pĄ  Šņ ņArticle€27,€šš763ó ó€ņņCriminal€Law€Article,€šš9„304óóŠ F –! Šreasonably€necessary€to€stop€or€prevent€theŠ !l" Šintimidation€of€a€victim€or€witness€or€aŠ ņ!B# Šviolation€of€Code,€ņ ņArticle€27,€šš26,€šš761,€orŠ Č"$ Ššš762ó ó€ņņCriminal€Law€Article,€šššš9„302,€9„303,€orŠ ž#ī% Š9„305óó.€€Š t$Ä& ŠĢCross€reference:€€See€Code,€CriminalŠ  &p!( ŠProcedure€Article,€šš5„201€(b),€and€Code,Š ö&F") ŠBusiness€Occupations€and€Professions€Article,Š Ģ'#* ŠTitle€20,€concerning€private€home€detentionŠ ¢(ņ#+ Šmonitoring€as€a€condition€of€release.€€Š x)Č$, ŠĢ€€(g)€Review€of€Commissioner's€PretrialŠ $+t&. ŠRelease€OrderŠ ś+J'/ ŠĢ€€€€(1)€€GenerallyŠ ¦-ö(1 ŠŠ |.Ģ)2 Šą ø ą€€€€A€defendant€who€is€denied€pretrialŠ ° Šrelease€by€a€commissioner€or€who€for€anyŠ †Ö Šreason€remains€in€custody€for€24€hours€afterŠ \¬ Ša€commissioner€has€determined€conditions€ofŠ 2‚ Šrelease€pursuant€to€this€Rule€shall€beŠ X Špresented€immediately€to€the€District€CourtŠ Ž. Šif€the€court€is€then€in€session,€or€if€not,Š “  Šat€the€next€session€of€the€court.€€TheŠ Š Ś ŠDistrict€Court€shall€review€theŠ ` ° Šcommissioner's€pretrial€release€determinationŠ 6 †  Šand€take€appropriate€action.€€If€theŠ  \  Šdefendant€will€remain€in€custody€after€theŠ ā 2  Šreview,€the€District€Court€shall€set€forth€inŠ ø  Šwriting€or€on€the€record€the€reasons€for€theŠ ŽŽ  Šcontinued€detention.€€Š d“  ŠĢCross€reference:€€See€Rule€4-231€(d)Š `  Šconcerning€the€presence€of€a€defendant€byŠ ę6 Švideo€conferencing.€€Š ¼  ŠĢ€€€€(2)€€Juvenile€DefendantŠ hø ŠĢą ø ą€€€€If€the€defendant€is€a€child€whoseŠ d Šcase€is€eligible€for€transfer€to€the€juvenileŠ ź: Šcourt€pursuant€to€Code,€Criminal€ProcedureŠ Ą ŠArticle,€šš4„202€(b),€the€District€Court,Š –ę Šregardless€of€whether€it€has€jurisdictionŠ l¼ Šover€the€offense€chargedš,€may€order€that€aŠ B’ Šstudy€be€made€of€the€child,€the€childššsŠ h Šfamily,€or€other€appropriate€matters.€€TheŠ ī> Šcourt€also€may€order€that€the€child€be€heldŠ Ä Šin€a€secure€juvenile€facility.Š šź ŠĢ€€(h)€Continuance€of€Previous€ConditionsŠ F –! ŠĢą ø ą€€When€conditions€of€pretrial€releaseŠ ņ!B# Šhave€been€previously€imposed€in€the€DistrictŠ Č"$ ŠCourt,€the€conditions€continue€in€the€circuitŠ ž#ī% Šcourt€unless€amended€or€revoked€pursuant€toŠ t$Ä& Šsection€(i)€of€this€Rule.€€Š J%š ' ŠĢ€€(i)€Amendment€of€Pretrial€Release€OrderŠ ö&F") ŠĢą ø ą€€After€a€charging€document€has€beenŠ ¢(ņ#+ Šfiled,€the€court,€on€motion€of€any€party€orŠ x)Č$, Šon€its€own€initiative€and€after€notice€andŠ N*ž%- Šopportunity€for€hearing,€may€revoke€an€orderŠ $+t&. Šof€pretrial€release€or€amend€it€to€imposeŠ ś+J'/ Šadditional€or€different€conditions€ofŠ Š, (0 Šrelease.€€If€its€decision€results€in€theŠ ¦-ö(1 Šdetention€of€the€defendant,€the€court€shallŠ |.Ģ)2 Šstate€the€reasons€for€its€action€in€writingŠ ° Šor€on€the€record.€€ņņThis€section€includes€theŠ †Ö Špower€of€a€judge€to€alter€conditions€set€byŠ \¬ Šanother€judge,€as€well€as€by€a€commissioner.óó€Š 2‚ ŠĢ€€(j)€Supervision€of€Detention€Pending€TrialŠ Ž. ŠĢą ø ą€€In€order€to€eliminate€unnecessaryŠ Š Ś Šdetention,€the€court€shall€exerciseŠ ` ° Šsupervision€over€the€detention€of€defendantsŠ 6 †  Špending€trial.€€It€shall€require€from€theŠ  \  Šsheriff,€warden,€or€other€custodial€officer€aŠ ā 2  Šweekly€report€listing€each€defendant€withinŠ ø  Šits€jurisdiction€who€has€been€held€in€custodyŠ ŽŽ  Šin€excess€of€seven€days€pending€preliminaryŠ d“  Šhearing,€trial,€sentencing,€or€appeal.€€TheŠ :Š  Šreport€shall€give€the€reason€for€theŠ `  Šdetention€of€each€defendant.€€Š ę6 ŠĢ€€(k)€Violation€of€Condition€of€ReleaseŠ ’ā ŠĢą ø ą€€A€court€may€issue€a€bench€warrant€forŠ >Ž Šthe€arrest€of€a€defendant€charged€with€aŠ d Šcriminal€offense€who€violates€a€condition€ofŠ ź: Špretrial€release.€€After€the€defendant€isŠ Ą Špresented€before€a€court,€the€court€may€(1)Š –ę Šrevoke€the€defendant's€pretrial€release€orŠ l¼ Š(2)€continue€the€defendant's€pretrial€releaseŠ B’ Šwith€or€without€conditions.€€Š h ŠņņĢCross€reference:€€See€Rule€1„361,€ExecutionŠ Ä Šof€Warrants€and€Body€Attachments.€€See€also,Š šź ŠRule€4„347,€Proceedings€for€Revocation€ofŠ pĄ  ŠProbation,€which€preserves€the€authority€of€aŠ F –! Šjudge€issuing€a€warrant€to€set€the€conditionsŠ !l" Šof€release€on€a€violation€of€probation.óóŠ ņ!B# ŠĢ€€(l)€Title€5€Not€ApplicableŠ ž#ī% ŠĢą ø ą€€Title€5€of€these€rules€does€not€applyŠ J%š ' Što€proceedings€conducted€under€this€Rule.€€Š  &p!( ŠĢSource:€€This€Rule€is€derived€in€part€fromŠ Ģ'#* Šformer€Rule€721,€M.D.R.€723€b€4,€and€is€inŠ ¢(ņ#+ Špart€new.Š x)Č$, ŠĢĢҰ` ŅҰ` Ņą  ąRule€4„216€was€accompanied€by€the€following€Reporterššs€Note.Š ś+J'/ ŠĢŅ` °ŅŅ` °Ņą ø ąThe€Pretrial€Release€Project€AdvisoryŠ ¦-ö(1 ŠCommittee€in€its€report€issued€October€11,Š |.Ģ)2 Š2001€recommended€modification€of€the€pretrialŠ ° Šrelease€system.€€Several€of€itsŠ †Ö Šrecommendations€involved€changes€to€Rules€4„Š \¬ Š216€and€4„217.€€The€Advisory€CommitteeŠ 2‚ Šrecommended€the€deletion€of€section€(a)Š X Šbecause€the€District€Court€schedules€wereŠ Ž. Šused€only€when€the€transition€from€the€formerŠ “  ŠPeopleššs€Court€to€the€District€Court€tookŠ Š Ś Šplace.€€The€Rules€Committee€considered€theŠ ` ° ŠRules€and€suggested€further€changes€to€RuleŠ 6 †  Š4„216.€€The€Criminal€Subcommittee€reviewedŠ  \  ŠRule€4„216€and€is€recommending€that€theŠ ā 2  ŠAdvisory€Committeeššs€proposal€to€integrateŠ ø  Šthe€rules€provisions€pertaining€to€pretrialŠ ŽŽ  Šrelease€determined€either€by€a€commissionerŠ d“  Šor€by€a€judge€should€not€be€adopted.€€SectionŠ :Š  Š(d)€pertaining€to€defendants€eligible€forŠ `  Šrelease€only€by€a€judge€should€be€added€backŠ ę6 Šinto€the€Rule€as€should€the€specificŠ ¼  Šreferences€to€the€relevant€sections€of€Code,Š ’ā ŠCriminal€Procedure€Article,€šš5„202,€whichŠ hø Šspecifically€exclude€a€commissioner€fromŠ >Ž Šauthorizing€pretrial€release.€€The€CriminalŠ d ŠSubcommittee€is€also€recommending€that€theŠ ź: Šrequirement€proposed€by€the€AdvisoryŠ Ą ŠCommittee€that€a€judicial€officer€explain€inŠ –ę Šwriting€when€he€or€she€sets€a€greater€amountŠ l¼ Šof€bail€than€10%€of€the€full€penalty€amountŠ B’ Šbe€deleted.Š h ŠĢą ø ąAdditionally,€because€Chapter€26,€ActsŠ Ä Šof€2002€(HB€11),€created€a€new€Criminal€LawŠ šź ŠArticle€which€contains€many€of€the€provisionsŠ pĄ  Šformerly€in€Article€27€of€the€Annotated€CodeŠ F –! Šof€Maryland,€the€references€to€Article€27€inŠ !l" ŠRule€4„216€are€being€corrected€to€reflectŠ ņ!B# Štheir€new€placement.Š Č"$ ŠĢĢĢĢĢĢĢĢŠ  N*ž%- Šą@˜ ˜ ģąMARYLAND€RULES€OF€PROCEDUREˆŠ ° Šą@ģģ*ģąˆĢą@ģąTITLE€4€„€CRIMINAL€CAUSESˆŠ \¬ ŠĢą@0 0 ģąCHAPTER€200€„€PRETRIAL€PROCEDURESˆŠ X ŠĢĢą ø ąAMEND€Rule€4„217€to€update€a€Rule€numberŠ Š Ś Šin€the€cross€reference€after€section€(d),€toŠ ` ° Šchange€the€word€š šinsurešš€to€the€word€š šensureššŠ 6 †  Šin€subsection€(e)(3),€to€correct€a€statutoryŠ  \  Šreference€in€the€cross€reference€afterŠ ā 2  Šsection€(j),€and€to€make€certain€stylisticŠ ø  Šchanges,€as€follows:Š ŽŽ  ŠĢĢRule€4-217.€€BAIL€BONDS€Š `  ŠĢĢ€€(a)€€Applicability€of€RuleŠ ’ā ŠĢą ø ą€€This€Rule€applies€to€all€bail€bondsŠ >Ž Štaken€pursuant€to€Rule€4-216,€and€to€bondsŠ d Štaken€pursuant€to€Rules€4-267,€4-348,€andŠ ź: Š4-349€to€the€extent€consistent€with€thoseŠ Ą Šrules.Š –ę ŠĢ€€(b)€€DefinitionsŠ B’ ŠĢą ø ą€€As€used€in€this€Rule,€the€followingŠ ī> Šwords€have€the€following€meanings:€€Š Ä ŠĢ€€€€(1)€€Bail€BondŠ pĄ  ŠĢą ø ą€€€"Bail€bond"€means€a€writtenŠ !l" Šobligation€of€a€defendant,€with€or€without€aŠ ņ!B# Šsurety€or€collateral€security,€conditioned€onŠ Č"$ Šthe€appearance€of€the€defendant€as€requiredŠ ž#ī% Šand€providing€for€the€payment€of€a€penaltyŠ t$Ä& Šsum€according€to€its€terms.€€Š J%š ' ŠĢ€€€€(2)€€Bail€BondsmanŠ ö&F") ŠĢą ø ą€€€€"Bail€bondsman"€means€an€authorizedŠ ¢(ņ#+ Šagent€of€a€surety€insurer.€€Š x)Č$, ŠĢ€€€€(3)€€Bail€Bond€CommissionerŠ $+t&. ŠĢą ø ą€€€€"Bail€bond€commissioner"€means€anyŠ Š, (0 Šperson€appointed€to€administer€rules€adoptedŠ ¦-ö(1 Špursuant€to€Maryland€Rule€16-817.€€Š |.Ģ)2 ЇCross€reference:€€Code,€Criminal€ProcedureŠ ° ŠArticle,€šš5„203.Š †Ö ŠĢ€€€€(4)€€ClerkŠ 2‚ ŠĢą ø ą€€€"Clerk"€means€the€clerk€of€the€courtŠ Ž. Šand€any€deputy€or€administrative€clerk.€€Š “  ŠĢ€€€€(5)€€Collateral€SecurityŠ ` ° ŠĢą ø ą€€€€"Collateral€security"€means€anyŠ  \  Šproperty€deposited,€pledged,€or€encumbered€toŠ ā 2  Šsecure€the€performance€of€a€bail€bond.€€Š ø  ŠĢ€€€€(6)€€SuretyŠ d“  Šą ø ą€€€€"Surety"€means€a€person€other€thanŠ :Š  Šthe€defendant€who,€by€executing€a€bail€bond,Š `  Šguarantees€the€appearance€of€the€defendant,Š ę6 Šand€includes€an€uncompensated€orŠ ¼  Šaccommodation€surety.€€€€€Š ’ā ŠĢ€€€€(7)€€Surety€InsurerŠ >Ž ŠĢą ø ą€€€€"Surety€insurer"€means€any€person€inŠ ź: Šthe€business€of€becoming,€either€directly€orŠ Ą Šthrough€an€authorized€agent,€a€surety€on€aŠ –ę Šbail€bond€for€compensation.€€Š l¼ ŠĢ€€(c)€€Authorization€to€Take€Bail€BondŠ h ŠĢą ø ą€€Any€clerk,€District€CourtŠ Ä Šcommissioner,€or€other€person€authorized€byŠ šź Šlaw€may€take€a€bail€bond.€€The€person€whoŠ pĄ  Štakes€a€bail€bond€shall€deliver€it€to€theŠ F –! Šcourt€in€which€the€charges€are€pending,Š !l" Štogether€with€all€money€or€other€collateralŠ ņ!B# Šsecurity€deposited€or€pledged€and€allŠ Č"$ Šdocuments€pertaining€to€the€bail€bond.€€Š ž#ī% ŠĢCross€reference:€€Code,€Criminal€ProcedureŠ J%š ' ŠArticle,€šššš5„204€and€5„205€ņ ņand€Code€(1957,Š  &p!( Š1991€Repl.€Vol.),€Article€87,€šš6ó ó.Š ö&F") ŠĢ€€(d)€€Qualification€of€SuretyŠ ¢(ņ#+ ŠĢ€€€€(1)€€In€GeneralŠ N*ž%- ŠĢą ø ą€€€€The€Chief€Clerk€of€the€DistrictŠ ś+J'/ ŠCourt€shall€maintain€a€list€containing:€(A)Š Š, (0 Šthe€names€of€all€surety€insurers€who€are€inŠ ¦-ö(1 Šdefault,€and€have€been€for€a€period€of€60Š |.Ģ)2 Šdays€or€more,€in€the€payment€of€any€bail€bondŠ ° Šforfeited€in€any€court€in€the€State,€(B)€theŠ †Ö Šnames€of€all€bail€bondsmen€authorized€toŠ \¬ Šwrite€bail€bonds€in€this€State,€and€(C)€theŠ 2‚ Šlimit€for€any€one€bond€specified€in€the€bailŠ X Šbondsman's€general€power€of€attorney€on€fileŠ Ž. Šwith€the€Chief€Clerk€of€the€District€Court.€€Š “  ŠĢ€€€€(2)€€Surety€InsurerŠ ` ° ŠĢą ø ą€€€€No€bail€bond€shall€be€accepted€ifŠ  \  Šthe€surety€on€the€bond€is€on€the€current€listŠ ā 2  Šmaintained€by€the€Chief€Clerk€of€the€DistrictŠ ø  ŠCourt€of€those€in€default.€€No€bail€bondŠ ŽŽ  Šexecuted€by€a€surety€insurer€directly€may€beŠ d“  Šaccepted€unless€accompanied€by€an€affidavitŠ :Š  Šreciting€that€the€surety€insurer€isŠ `  Šauthorized€by€the€Insurance€Commissioner€ofŠ ę6 ŠMaryland€to€write€bail€bonds€in€this€State.€€Š ¼  ŠĢ€€€€(3)€€Bail€BondsmanŠ hø ŠĢą ø ą€€€€No€bail€bond€executed€by€a€bailŠ d Šbondsman€may€be€accepted€unless€theŠ ź: Šbondsman's€name€appears€on€the€most€recentŠ Ą Šlist€maintained€by€the€Chief€Clerk€of€theŠ –ę ŠDistrict€Court,€the€bail€bond€is€within€theŠ l¼ Šlimit€specified€in€the€bondsman's€generalŠ B’ Špower€of€attorney€as€shown€on€the€list€or€inŠ h Ša€special€power€of€attorney€filed€with€theŠ ī> Šbond,€and€the€bail€bond€is€accompanied€by€anŠ Ä Šaffidavit€reciting€that€the€bail€bondsman:€€Š šź ŠĢ€€€€€€(A)€is€duly€licensed€in€theŠ F –! Šjurisdiction€in€which€the€charges€areŠ !l" Špending,€if€that€jurisdiction€licenses€bailŠ ņ!B# Šbondsmen;€€€€€€€€Š Č"$ ŠĢą ø ą€(B)€is€authorized€to€engage€the€suretyŠ t$Ä& Šinsurer€as€surety€on€the€bail€bond€pursuantŠ J%š ' Što€a€valid€general€or€special€power€ofŠ  &p!( Šattorney;€and€€Š ö&F") ŠĢ€€€€€€(C)€holds€a€valid€license€as€anŠ ¢(ņ#+ Šinsurance€broker€or€agent€in€this€State,€andŠ x)Č$, Šthat€the€surety€insurer€is€authorized€by€theŠ N*ž%- ŠInsurance€Commissioner€of€Maryland€to€writeŠ $+t&. Šbail€bonds€in€this€State.€€Š ś+J'/ ŠĢCross€reference:€€Code,€Criminal€ProcedureŠ ¦-ö(1 ŠArticle,€šš5„203€and€Rule€ņ ņ1285ó ó€ū’’dū16„817ü’’düŠ |.Ģ)2 Š(Appointment€of€Bail€Bond€Commissioner€-Š ° ŠLicensing€and€Regulation€of€Bail€Bondsmen).€€Š †Ö ŠĢ€€(e)€€Collateral€SecurityŠ 2‚ ŠĢ€€€€(1)€€Authorized€CollateralŠ Ž. ŠĢą ø ą€€€€A€defendant€or€surety€required€toŠ Š Ś Šgive€collateral€security€may€satisfy€theŠ ` ° Šrequirement€by:€€Š 6 †  ŠĢ€€€€€€(A)€depositing€with€the€person€whoŠ ā 2  Štakes€the€bond€the€required€amount€in€cash€orŠ ø  Šcertified€check,€or€pledging€intangibleŠ ŽŽ  Šproperty€approved€by€the€court;€or€€Š d“  Š€€€€€€(B)€encumbering€one€or€more€parcels€ofŠ :Š  Šreal€estate€situated€in€the€State€ofŠ `  ŠMaryland,€owned€by€the€defendant€or€surety€inŠ ę6 Šfee€simple€absolute,€or€as€chattel€realŠ ¼  Šsubject€to€ground€rent.€No€bail€bond€to€beŠ ’ā Šsecured€by€real€estate€may€be€taken€unlessŠ hø Š(1)€a€Declaration€of€Trust€of€a€specifiedŠ >Ž Šparcel€of€real€estate,€in€the€form€set€forthŠ d Šat€the€end€of€this€Title€as€Form€4-217.1,€isŠ ź: Šexecuted€before€the€person€who€takes€the€bondŠ Ą Šand€is€filed€with€the€bond,€or€(2)€the€bondŠ –ę Šis€secured€by€a€Deed€of€Trust€to€the€State€orŠ l¼ Šits€agent€and€the€defendant€or€suretyŠ B’ Šfurnishes€a€verified€list€of€all€encumbrancesŠ h Šon€each€parcel€of€real€estate€subject€to€theŠ ī> ŠDeed€of€Trust€in€the€form€required€forŠ Ä Šlisting€encumbrances€in€a€Declaration€ofŠ šź ŠTrust.€€Š pĄ  ŠĢ€€€€(2)€€ValueŠ !l" ŠĢą ø ą€€€€Collateral€security€shall€beŠ Č"$ Šaccepted€only€if€the€person€who€takes€theŠ ž#ī% Šbail€bond€is€satisfied€that€it€is€worth€theŠ t$Ä& Šrequired€amount.€€Š J%š ' ŠĢ€€€€(3)€€Additional€or€Different€CollateralŠ ö&F") ŠSecurityŠ Ģ'#* ŠĢą ø ą€€€€Upon€a€finding€that€the€collateralŠ x)Č$, Šsecurity€originally€deposited,€pledged,€orŠ N*ž%- Šencumbered€is€insufficient€to€ņ ņinsureó ó€ū’’dūensureü’’düŠ $+t&. Šcollection€of€the€penalty€sum€of€the€bond,Š ś+J'/ Šthe€court,€on€motion€by€the€State€or€on€itsŠ Š, (0 Šown€initiative€and€after€notice€andŠ ¦-ö(1 Šopportunity€for€hearing,€may€requireŠ |.Ģ)2 Šadditional€or€different€collateral€security.€€Š ° ŠĢ€€(f)€€Condition€of€Bail€BondŠ \¬ ŠĢą ø ą€€The€condition€of€any€bail€bond€takenŠ X Špursuant€to€this€Rule€shall€be€that€theŠ Ž. Šdefendant€personally€appear€as€required€inŠ “  Šany€court€in€which€the€charges€are€pending,Š Š Ś Šor€in€which€a€charging€document€may€be€filedŠ ` ° Šbased€on€the€same€acts€or€transactions,€or€toŠ 6 †  Šwhich€the€action€may€be€transferred,€removed,Š  \  Šor€if€from€the€District€Court,€appealed,€andŠ ā 2  Šthat€the€bail€bond€shall€continue€in€effectŠ ø  Šuntil€discharged€pursuant€to€section€(j)€ofŠ ŽŽ  Šthis€Rule.€€Š d“  Š€€(g)€€Form€and€Contents€of€Bond€-€ExecutionŠ :Š  ŠĢą ø ą€€Every€pretrial€bail€bond€taken€shallŠ ę6 Šbe€in€the€form€of€the€bail€bond€set€forth€atŠ ¼  Šthe€end€of€this€Title€as€Form€4-217.2,€andŠ ’ā Šshall€be€executed€and€acknowledged€by€theŠ hø Šdefendant€and€any€surety€before€the€personŠ >Ž Šwho€takes€the€bond.€€Š d ŠĢ€€(h)€€Voluntary€Surrender€of€the€DefendantŠ Ą Šby€SuretyŠ –ę ŠĢą ø ą€€A€surety€on€a€bail€bond€who€has€Š B’ Šcustody€of€a€defendant€may€procure€theŠ h Šdischarge€of€the€bail€bond€at€any€time€beforeŠ ī> Šforfeiture€by:€€Š Ä ŠĢ€€€€(1)€delivery€of€a€copy€of€the€bond€andŠ pĄ  Šthe€amount€of€any€premium€or€fee€received€forŠ F –! Šthe€bond€to€the€court€in€which€the€chargesŠ !l" Šare€pending€or€to€a€commissioner€in€theŠ ņ!B# Šcounty€in€which€the€charges€are€pending€whoŠ Č"$ Šshall€thereupon€issue€an€order€committing€theŠ ž#ī% Šdefendant€to€the€custodian€of€the€jail€orŠ t$Ä& Šdetention€center;€and€€Š J%š ' ŠĢ€€€€(2)€delivery€of€the€defendant€and€theŠ ö&F") Šcommitment€order€to€the€custodian€of€the€jailŠ Ģ'#* Šor€detention€center,€who€shall€thereuponŠ ¢(ņ#+ Šissue€a€receipt€for€the€defendant€to€theŠ x)Č$, Šsurety.€€Š N*ž%- ŠĢą ø ąUnless€released€on€a€new€bond,€theŠ ś+J'/ Šdefendant€shall€be€taken€forthwith€before€aŠ Š, (0 Šjudge€of€the€court€in€which€the€charges€areŠ ¦-ö(1 Špending.€€Š |.Ģ)2 Їą ø ąOn€motion€of€the€surety€or€any€personŠ ° Šwho€paid€the€premium€or€fee,€and€after€noticeŠ †Ö Šand€opportunity€to€be€heard,€the€court€may€byŠ \¬ Šorder€award€to€the€surety€an€allowance€forŠ 2‚ Šexpenses€in€locating€and€surrendering€theŠ X Šdefendant,€and€refund€the€balance€to€theŠ Ž. Šperson€who€paid€it.€€Š “  ŠĢ€€(i)€€Forfeiture€of€BondŠ ` ° ŠĢ€€€€(1)€€On€Defendant's€Failure€to€Appear€-Š  \  ŠIssuance€of€WarrantŠ ā 2  ŠĢą ø ą€€€€If€a€defendant€fails€to€appear€asŠ ŽŽ  Šrequired,€the€court€shall€order€forfeiture€ofŠ d“  Šthe€bail€bond€and€issuance€of€a€warrant€forŠ :Š  Šthe€defendant's€arrest.€€The€clerk€shallŠ `  Špromptly€notify€any€surety€on€the€defendant'sŠ ę6 Šbond,€and€the€State's€Attorney,€of€theŠ ¼  Šforfeiture€of€the€bond€and€the€issuance€ofŠ ’ā Šthe€warrant.€€Š hø ŠĢCross€reference:€€Code,€Criminal€ProcedureŠ d ŠArticle,€šš5„211.Š ź: ŠĢ€€€€(2)€€Striking€Out€Forfeiture€for€CauseŠ –ę ŠĢą ø ą€€€€If€the€defendant€or€surety€can€showŠ B’ Šreasonable€grounds€for€the€defendant'sŠ h Šfailure€to€appear,€notwithstanding€RuleŠ ī> Š2-535,€the€court€shall€(A)€strike€out€theŠ Ä Šforfeiture€in€whole€or€in€part;€and€(B)€setŠ šź Šaside€any€judgment€entered€thereon€pursuantŠ pĄ  Što€subsection€(4)(A)€of€this€section,€and€(C)Š F –! Šorder€the€remission€in€whole€or€in€part€ofŠ !l" Šthe€penalty€sum€paid€pursuant€to€subsectionŠ ņ!B# Š(3)€of€this€section.€€Š Č"$ ŠĢCross€reference:€€Code,€Criminal€ProcedureŠ t$Ä& ŠArticle,€šš5„208€(b)(1)€and€(2)€and€ņņAlleganyŠ J%š ' ŠMut.€Cas.€Co.€v.€Stateóó,€234€Md.€278,€199€A.2dŠ &&v!( Š201€(1964).Š 'R") Ѐ̀€€€(3)€€Satisfaction€of€Forfeiture€Š ®(ž#+ ŠĢą ø ą€€€€Within€90€days€from€the€date€theŠ Z*Ŗ%- Šdefendant€fails€to€appear,€which€time€theŠ 0+€&. Šcourt€may€extend€to€180€days€upon€good€causeŠ ,V'/ Šshown,€a€surety€shall€satisfy€any€order€ofŠ Ü,,(0 Šforfeiture,€either€by€producing€the€defendantŠ ²-)1 Šin€court€or€by€paying€the€penalty€sum€of€theŠ ˆ.Ų)2 Šbond.€€If€the€defendant€is€produced€withinŠ ° Šsuch€time€by€the€State,€the€court€shallŠ †Ö Šrequire€the€surety€to€pay€the€expenses€of€theŠ \¬ ŠState€in€producing€the€defendant€and€shallŠ 2‚ Štreat€the€order€of€forfeiture€satisfied€withŠ X Šrespect€to€the€remainder€of€the€penalty€sum.€€Š Ž. ŠĢ€€€€(4)€€Enforcement€of€ForfeitureŠ Š Ś ŠĢą ø ą€€€€If€an€order€of€forfeiture€has€notŠ 6 †  Šbeen€stricken€or€satisfied€within€90€daysŠ  \  Šafter€the€defendant's€failure€to€appear,€orŠ ā 2  Šwithin€180€days€if€the€time€has€beenŠ ø  Šextended,€the€clerk€shall€forthwith:€€Š ŽŽ  ŠĢ€€€€€€(A)€enter€the€order€of€forfeiture€as€aŠ :Š  Šjudgment€in€favor€of€the€governmental€entityŠ `  Šthat€is€entitled€by€statute€to€receive€theŠ ę6 Šforfeiture€and€against€the€defendant€andŠ ¼  Šsurety,€if€any,€for€the€amount€of€the€penaltyŠ ’ā Šsum€of€the€bail€bond,€with€interest€from€theŠ hø Šdate€of€forfeiture€and€costs€including€anyŠ >Ž Šcosts€of€recording,€less€any€amount€that€mayŠ d Šhave€been€deposited€as€collateral€security;Š ź: Šand€€Š Ą ŠĢ€€€€€€(B)€cause€the€judgment€to€be€recordedŠ l¼ Šand€indexed€among€the€civil€judgment€recordsŠ B’ Šof€the€circuit€court€of€the€county;€and€€Š h ŠĢ€€€€€€(C)€prepare,€attest,€and€deliver€orŠ Ä Šforward€to€any€bail€bond€commissionerŠ šź Šappointed€pursuant€to€Rule€16-817,€to€theŠ pĄ  ŠState's€Attorney,€to€the€Chief€Clerk€of€theŠ F –! ŠDistrict€Court,€and€to€the€surety,€if€any,€aŠ !l" Štrue€copy€of€the€docket€entries€in€the€cause,Š ņ!B# Šshowing€the€entry€and€recording€of€theŠ Č"$ Šjudgment€against€the€defendant€and€surety,€ifŠ ž#ī% Šany.€€Š t$Ä& ŠĢą ø ąEnforcement€of€the€judgment€shall€be€byŠ  &p!( Šthe€State's€Attorney€in€accordance€with€thoseŠ ö&F") Šprovisions€of€the€rules€relating€to€theŠ Ģ'#* Šenforcement€of€judgments.€€Š ¢(ņ#+ ŠĢ€€€€(5)€€Subsequent€Appearance€of€DefendantŠ N*ž%- ŠĢą ø ą€€€€When€the€defendant€is€produced€inŠ ś+J'/ Šcourt€after€the€period€allowed€underŠ Š, (0 Šsubsection€(3)€of€this€section,€the€suretyŠ ¦-ö(1 Šmay€apply€for€the€refund€of€any€penalty€sumŠ |.Ģ)2 Špaid€in€satisfaction€of€the€forfeiture€lessŠ ° Šany€expenses€permitted€by€law.€€If€theŠ †Ö Špenalty€sum€has€not€been€paid,€the€court,€onŠ \¬ Šapplication€of€the€surety€and€payment€of€anyŠ 2‚ Šexpenses€permitted€by€law,€shall€strike€theŠ X Šjudgment€against€the€surety€entered€as€aŠ Ž. Šresult€of€the€forfeiture.€€Š “  ŠĢ€€€€(6)€€Where€Defendant€Incarcerated€OutsideŠ ` ° Šthis€StateŠ 6 †  ŠĢ€€€€€€(A)€If,€within€the€period€allowed€underŠ ā 2  Šsubsection€(3)€of€this€section,€the€suretyŠ ø  Šproduces€evidence€and€the€court€finds€thatŠ ŽŽ  Šthe€defendant€is€incarcerated€in€a€penalŠ d“  Šinstitution€outside€this€State€and€that€theŠ :Š  ŠState's€Attorney€is€unwilling€to€issue€aŠ `  Šdetainer€and€subsequently€extradite€theŠ ę6 Šdefendant,€the€court€shall€strike€out€theŠ ¼  Šforfeiture€and€shall€return€the€bond€orŠ ’ā Šcollateral€security€to€the€surety.€€Š hø ŠĢ€€€€€€(B)€If,€after€the€expiration€of€theŠ d Šperiod€allowed€under€subsection€(3)€of€thisŠ ź: Šsection,€but€within€10€years€from€the€dateŠ Ą Šthe€bond€or€collateral€was€posted,€the€suretyŠ –ę Šproduces€evidence€and€the€court€finds€thatŠ l¼ Šthe€defendant€is€incarcerated€in€a€penalŠ B’ Šinstitution€outside€this€State€and€that€theŠ h ŠState's€Attorney€is€unwilling€to€issue€aŠ ī> Šdetainer€and€subsequently€extradite€theŠ Ä Šdefendant,€the€court€shall€(i)€strike€out€theŠ šź Šforfeiture;€(ii)€set€aside€any€judgmentŠ pĄ  Šthereon;€and€(iii)€order€the€return€of€theŠ F –! Šforfeited€bond€or€collateral€or€the€remissionŠ !l" Šof€any€penalty€sum€paid€pursuant€toŠ ņ!B# Šsubsection€(3)€of€this€section.€€Š Č"$ ŠĢ€€(j)€€Discharge€of€Bond€-€Refund€ofŠ t$Ä& ŠCollateral€SecurityŠ J%š ' ŠĢ€€€€(1)€€DischargeŠ ö&F") ŠĢą ø ą€€€€The€bail€bond€shall€be€dischargedŠ ¢(ņ#+ Šwhen:€€Š x)Č$, ŠĢ€€€€€€(A)€all€charges€to€which€the€bail€bondŠ $+t&. Šapplies€have€been€stetted,€unless€the€bondŠ ś+J'/ Šhas€been€forfeited€and€10€years€have€elapsedŠ Š, (0 Šsince€the€bond€or€other€security€was€posted;Š ¦-ö(1 Šor€€Š |.Ģ)2 Ї€€€€€€(B)€all€charges€to€which€the€bail€bondŠ ° Šapplies€have€been€disposed€of€by€a€nolleŠ †Ö Šprosequi,€dismissal,€acquittal,€or€probationŠ \¬ Šbefore€judgment;€or€€Š 2‚ ŠĢ€€€€€€(C)€the€defendant€has€been€sentenced€inŠ Ž. Šthe€District€Court€and€no€timely€appeal€hasŠ “  Šbeen€taken,€or€in€the€circuit€courtŠ Š Ś Šexercising€original€jurisdiction,€or€onŠ ` ° Šappeal€or€transfer€from€the€District€Court;Š 6 †  Šor€€Š  \  ŠĢ€€€€€€(D)€the€court€has€revoked€the€bail€bondŠ ø  Špursuant€to€Rule€4-216€or€the€defendant€hasŠ ŽŽ  Šbeen€convicted€and€denied€bail€pendingŠ d“  Šsentencing;€or€€Š :Š  ŠĢ€€€€€€(E)€the€defendant€has€been€surrenderedŠ ę6 Šby€the€surety€pursuant€to€section€(h)€of€thisŠ ¼  ŠRule.€€Š ’ā ŠĢCross€reference:€€See€Code,€CriminalŠ >Ž ŠProcedure€Article,€šš5„208€ņ ņ(c)ó ó€ū’’dū(d)ü’’dü€relating€toŠ d Šdischarge€of€a€bail€bond€when€the€charges€areŠ ź: Šstetted.€€See€also€Rule€4-349€pursuant€toŠ Ą Šwhich€the€District€Court€judge€may€denyŠ –ę Šrelease€on€bond€pending€appeal€or€may€imposeŠ l¼ Šdifferent€or€greater€conditions€for€releaseŠ B’ Šafter€conviction€than€were€imposed€for€theŠ h Špretrial€release€of€the€defendant€pursuant€toŠ ī> ŠRule€4-216.Š Ä Š€€Š šź Š€€€€(2)€€Refund€of€Collateral€Security€-Š pĄ  ŠRelease€of€LienŠ F –! ŠĢą ø ą€€€€Upon€the€discharge€of€a€bail€bondŠ ņ!B# Šand€surrender€of€the€receipt,€the€clerk€shallŠ Č"$ Šreturn€any€collateral€security€to€the€personŠ ž#ī% Šwho€deposited€or€pledged€it€and€shall€releaseŠ t$Ä& Šany€Declaration€of€Trust€that€was€taken.€€Š J%š ' ŠĢSource:€€This€Rule€is€derived€from€formerŠ ö&F") ŠRule€722€and€M.D.R.€722.Š Ģ'#* ŠĢĢҰ` ŅҰ` Ņą  ąRule€4„217€was€accompanied€by€the€following€Reporterššs€Note.Š N*ž%- ŠĢŅ` °ŅŅ` °Ņą ø ąThe€Pretrial€Release€Project€AdvisoryŠ ś+J'/ ŠCommittee€reviewed€Rule€4„217€and€suggested€aŠ Š, (0 Šfew€stylistic€changes€to€it,€includingŠ ¦-ö(1 Šupdating€Article€27€references€to€the€newŠ |.Ģ)2 ŠCriminal€Procedure€Article€(which€had€alreadyŠ ° Šbeen€taken€care€of€by€the€Rules€Committee),Š †Ö Šupdating€an€obsolete€reference€to€Rule€1285Š \¬ Šin€the€cross€reference€after€section€(d),€andŠ 2‚ Šcorrecting€a€statutory€reference€to€CriminalŠ X ŠProcedure€Article,€šš5„208€(d)€in€the€crossŠ Ž. Šreference€after€section€(j).Š “  ŠĢĢҰ` ŅҰ` ŅÓÓą  ąThe€Vice€Chair€referred€to€the€language€in€section€(b)€whichŠ 6 †  Šreads:€€š š...€a€defendant€may€be€entitled€to€be€released€beforeŠ ā 2  Šverdict...šš.€€She€noted€that€this€is€not€correctly€stated,Š ŽŽ  Šbecause€the€law€is€that€a€defendant€is€entitled€to€release€unlessŠ :Š  Šthe€judicial€officer€determines€that€no€condition€of€release€willŠ ę6 Šreasonably€ensure€the€appearance€of€the€defendant€and€the€safetyŠ ’ā Šof€the€alleged€victim€and€the€community.€€€The€Chair€commentedŠ >Ž Šthat€the€language€š šmay€bešš€implies€that€the€defendant€need€not€beŠ ź: Šreleased€even€if€the€defendant€is€otherwise€eligible€for€release.€Š –ę ŠThe€language€š šmay€bešš€should€be€changed€back€to€the€word€š šis.šš€€€Š B’ ŠThe€sentence€should€be€structured€to€read€that€a€defendant€isŠ ī> Šentitled€to€release€unless€the€judicial€officer€determines€thatŠ šź Šno€condition€of€release€will€reasonably€ensure€the€appearance€ofŠ F –! Šthe€defendant€and€the€safety€of€the€alleged€victim€and€theŠ ņ!B# Šcommunity.€€Mr.€Hochberg€remarked€that€this€still€affords€theŠ ž#ī% Šjudicial€officer€flexibility.€€€Š J%š ' Šą  ąThe€Vice€Chair€noted€that€the€language€š šwith€one€or€moreŠ ö&F") Šconditions€imposedšš€does€not€have€to€be€repeated€in€section€(b).Š ¢(ņ#+ ŠThe€Chair€commented€that€the€language€š šon€personal€recognizanceššŠ N*ž%- Šcan€be€deleted,€so€that€the€language€of€section€(b)€would€read:Š ś+J'/ Šš š...€a€defendant€is€entitled€to€be€released€before€verdict€inŠ ¦-ö(1 Šconformity€with€this€Rule€with€one€or€more€conditions€imposed,Š ° Šunless€the€judicial€officer€determines...šš.€€The€Reporter€saidŠ \¬ Šthat€the€wording€of€the€amendment€to€section€(b)€is€intended€toŠ X Šclarify€that€if€a€defendant€is€released,€regardless€of€whetherŠ “  Šbail€is€required€or€the€defendant€is€released€on€personalŠ ` ° Šrecognizance,€conditions€may€be€imposed.€€Mr.€Sykes€pointed€outŠ  \  Šthat€the€amendment€to€section€(b)€is€clear,€even€if€it€isŠ ø  Šredundant.€€It€emphasizes€the€option€of€personal€recognizance.€Š d“  ŠJudge€Missouri€added€that€if€there€is€no€reference€to€š špersonalŠ `  Šrecognizancešš€in€this€section,€a€judge€could€take€the€view€thatŠ ¼  Špersonal€recognizance€is€not€an€option.€€The€Chair€noted€thatŠ hø Šthere€is€language€elsewhere€in€the€Rule€that€makes€clear€that€aŠ d Šdefendant€can€be€released€on€personal€recognizance.€€JudgeŠ Ą ŠJohnson€expressed€the€opinion€that€this€language€needs€to€be€atŠ l¼ Šthe€beginning€of€the€Rule.€€Š h Šą  ąThe€Vice€Chair€referred€to€the€language€in€section€(b)€whichŠ Ä Šreads€š špersonal€recognizance,€which€may€include€one€or€moreŠ pĄ  Šconditions€imposed,šš€commenting€that€she€thought€that€the€RuleŠ !l" Šshould€provide€that€a€defendant€is€to€be€released€on€personalŠ Č"$ Šrecognizance€unless€the€judicial€officer€determines€that€noŠ t$Ä& Šcondition€of€release€will€ensure€the€appearance€of€the€defendantŠ  &p!( Šas€required€and€the€safety€of€the€alleged€victim€and€theŠ Ģ'#* Šcommunity.€€Judge€Heller€suggested€that€the€Rule€could€provideŠ x)Č$, Šthat€the€defendant€shall€be€released€on€personal€recognizance€orŠ $+t&. Šon€bail,€and€either€may€be€with€one€or€more€conditions.€€TheŠ Š, (0 ŠChair€agreed€that€the€Rule€should€contain€language€providing€forŠ |.Ģ)2 Ša€determination€that€bail€can€be€required.€€The€Vice€Chair€saidŠ ° Šthat€this€is€a€matter€of€style.€€The€defendant€can€be€released€onŠ \¬ Špersonal€recognizance€or€on€bail€with€or€without€conditions.€€Mr.Š X ŠSykes€added€that€it€is€with€or€without€conditions€in€either€case.€Š “  ŠThe€Committee€agreed€by€consensus€to€allow€the€Style€SubcommitteeŠ ` ° Što€draft€the€language€that€makes€this€clear.Š  \  Šą  ąMr.€Titus€inquired€as€to€whether€section€(a)€is€necessary.€€Š ø  ŠThe€Chair€responded€that€this€is€a€good€question;€there€is€aŠ d“  Šquestion€as€to€whether€this€provision€is€inconsistent€withŠ `  Šstatutory€language.€€Mr.€Titus€expressed€the€opinion€that€theŠ ¼  Šlanguage€of€section€(a),€if€it€is€retained,€could€be€put€into€aŠ hø ŠCommittee€note.€€Mr.€Brault€suggested€that€the€word€š šconstruedššŠ d Šis€not€appropriate,€and€the€word€š šappliedšš€should€be€substitutedŠ Ą Šin€its€place.€€Mr.€Titus€moved€to€delete€section€(a),€the€motionŠ l¼ Šwas€seconded,€and€it€passed€unanimously.Š h Šą  ąThe€Vice€Chair€asked€if€the€substance€of€section€(a)€shouldŠ Ä Šbe€put€into€a€Committee€note.€€Mr.€Sykes€proposed€that€theŠ pĄ  Šsubstance€of€Professor€Warnkenššs€version€of€language€suggestedŠ !l" Šfor€section€(a),€which€is€located€in€a€memorandum€that€wasŠ Č"$ Šdistributed€at€todayššs€meeting€(See€Appendix€1),€should€be€theŠ t$Ä& Šlanguage€in€the€Committee€note.€€The€suggested€language€reads€asŠ  &p!( Šfollows:€€Š Ģ'#* ŠŅ` °ŅŅ` °ŅÓÓą ø ąAs€to€those€defendants€who€are€eligibleŠ x)Č$, Šfor€release€under€sections€(b)€and€(d)€ofŠ N*ž%- Šthis€Rule,€and€who€are€judicially€determinedŠ $+t&. Šnot€to€need€conditions€of€release,€underŠ ś+J'/ Šsection€(e)(3)€of€this€Rule,€as€a€means€ofŠ Š, (0 Šensuring€both€their€appearance€and€the€safetyŠ ¦-ö(1 Šof€the€victim€and€the€community,€this€RuleŠ |.Ģ)2 Šshould€be€construed€liberally,€relying€onŠ ° Šcriminal€sanctions,€rather€than€financialŠ †Ö Šloss,€to€ensure€both€the€defendantššsŠ \¬ Šappearance€and€the€requisite€safety.€Š 2‚ Šš šCriminal€sanctionsšš€include€both€theŠ X Šsanction€for€the€offense€for€which€releasedŠ Ž. Šand€the€sanction€for€a€separate€charge€ofŠ “  Šš šfailure€to€appearšš€if€the€defendant€does€notŠ Š Ś Šappear.Š ` ° ŠĢҰ` ŅҰ` ŅÓÓą  ąThe€Committee€agreed€by€consensus€to€use€this€language€in€aŠ  \  ŠCommittee€note.€Š ø  Šą  ąJudge€Johnson€drew€the€Committeeššs€attention€to€section€(c)Š d“  Šof€Rule€4„216.€€The€Chair€commented€that€the€two€concepts€set€outŠ `  Šin€section€(c)€are€in€conflict€when€they€are€put€into€a€singleŠ ¼  Šsentence.€€The€defendant€is€arrested€without€a€warrant.€€The€lawŠ hø Šenforcement€officer€prepares€a€statement€of€charges€which€isŠ d Špresented€to€the€commissioner.€€From€this,€the€commissionerŠ Ą Šdetermines€that€there€is€no€probable€cause,€and€the€defendant€isŠ l¼ Šreleased€on€personal€recognizance.€€Later,€the€evidence€may€showŠ h Šthe€defendant€is€guilty.€€The€defendant€cannot€be€held€unless€theŠ Ä Šdocuments€presented€to€the€judicial€officer€establish€probableŠ pĄ  Šcause.€€The€way€the€Rule€is€worded,€the€commissioner€could€decideŠ !l" Šthat€there€is€no€probable€cause,€but€could€hold€the€defendantŠ Č"$ Šanyway€if€the€commissioner€is€satisfied€that€the€defendant€isŠ t$Ä& Šdangerous.€€Mr.€Sykes€remarked€that€the€judicial€officer€has€toŠ  &p!( Šdetermine€that€there€is€probable€cause€and€that€no€condition€ofŠ Ģ'#* Šrelease€will€ensure€the€appearance€of€the€defendant€and€theŠ x)Č$, Šsafety€of€the€alleged€victim€and€the€community.€€€€Š $+t&. Šą  ąJudge€Missouri€noted€that€if€the€defendant€is€released€onŠ Š, (0 Špersonal€recognizance,€the€case€is€still€in€the€system.€€The€ViceŠ |.Ģ)2 ŠChair€commented€that€if€someone€is€arrested€without€a€warrant,Š ° Šand€the€commissioner€does€not€find€probable€cause,€the€defendantŠ \¬ Šshould€simply€be€released,€neither€on€personal€recognizance€norŠ X Šon€bail,€because€the€defendant€should€be€out€of€the€system€atŠ “  Šthis€point.€€Judge€Missouri€responded€that€the€commissioner€hasŠ ` ° Šno€authority€to€dismiss€the€case.€€Judge€Dryden€added€that€theŠ  \  Šcharge€against€the€defendant€is€still€alive€after€the€defendantŠ ø  Šis€released€on€personal€recognizance€after€an€arrest€without€aŠ d“  Šwarrant.€€Sometimes€after€the€defendant€appears€for€trial,€theŠ `  Šdefendant€is€found€to€be€guilty.€€Judge€Norton€remarked€that€theŠ ¼  Šcourt€could€have€heard€different€evidence€than€what€theŠ hø Šcommissioner€heard.€€Mr.€Sykes€stated€that€if€the€judicialŠ d Šofficer€finds€no€probable€cause€after€an€arrest€without€aŠ Ą Šwarrant,€the€case€automatically€reverts€to€release€on€personalŠ l¼ Šrecognizance.€€The€Chair€said€that€there€are€two€extremesŠ h Špossible€„š!š€the€commissioner€does€not€find€probable€cause,€andŠ Ä Šthe€defendant€is€released,€or€the€commissioner€finds€probableŠ pĄ  Šcause,€but€no€condition€reasonably€ensures€the€appearance€of€theŠ !l" Šdefendant€and€the€safety€of€the€alleged€victim€and€the€community,Š Č"$ Šand€the€defendant€is€not€released.Š t$Ä& Šą  ąMr.€Titus€inquired€as€to€what€happens€in€the€real€world€whenŠ  &p!( Šthe€police€arrest€a€defendant€who€is€then€brought€before€aŠ Ģ'#* Šcommissioner.€€The€Chair€replied€that€the€police€officer€reads€aŠ x)Č$, Šstatement€of€charges€that€the€police€officer€prepared.€€Mr.Š $+t&. ŠBrault€commented€that€he€has€a€conceptual€problem€because€anŠ Š, (0 Šarrest€without€probable€cause€is€an€illegal€arrest.€€TheŠ |.Ģ)2 Šdefendant€who€is€illegally€arrested€is€then€required€to€have€aŠ ° Šform€of€bail,€release€on€personal€recognizance,€notwithstandingŠ \¬ Šthe€illegal€arrest.€€If€the€defendant€does€not€appear€for€trial,Š X Šhe€or€she€is€subject€to€further€punishment.€€The€Chair€said€thatŠ “  Šrelease€on€personal€recognizance€is€not€a€form€of€bail.€€Mr.Š ` ° ŠBrault€responded€that€release€on€personal€recognizance€is€aŠ  \  Špromise€to€appear€or€face€criminal€sanctions.€€The€defendant€isŠ ø  Šposting€a€form€of€bond€„„€his€or€her€personal€bond.€€Judge€DrydenŠ d“  Šsaid€that€the€commissioner€does€not€know€that€the€arrest€isŠ `  Šwithout€probable€cause€š!š„€there€may€be€probable€cause€even€thoughŠ ¼  Šthere€is€a€lack€of€written€proof€of€probable€cause.€€TheŠ hø Šcommissioner€does€not€ultimately€know€what€the€outcome€will€be;Š d Šthe€charge€against€the€defendant€stays€alive€until€there€is€anŠ Ą Šadjudication€by€a€judge.€€Š l¼ Šą  ąThe€Chair€gave€the€example€of€a€defendant€who€is€arrested€byŠ h Ša€police€officer€on€the€charge€of€a€misdemeanor€that€had€not€beenŠ Ä Šwitnessed€by€the€police€officer€directly.€€The€officer€obtainedŠ pĄ  Šthe€information€from€someone€else.€€The€arrest€is€illegal,Š !l" Šbecause€the€act€for€which€the€defendant€was€arrested€was€notŠ Č"$ Šcommitted€in€front€of€the€officer.€€Any€evidence€derived€from€theŠ t$Ä& Šarrest€will€be€suppressed€at€trial.€€However,€if€a€witness€to€theŠ  &p!( Šcrime€appears€at€trial,€the€defendant€may€be€convicted.€€Mr.Š Ģ'#* ŠBrault€asked€if€instead€of€arresting€the€defendant,€the€officerŠ x)Č$, Šwent€to€the€commissioner€and€filed€a€written€complaint€š!š„€couldŠ $+t&. Šthis€be€processed€as€a€warrant?€€The€Chair€said€that€it€could€beŠ Š, (0 Ša€summons€or€a€warrant.Š |.Ģ)2 Šą  ąJudge€Missouri€commented€that€although€there€may€not€beŠ ° Šprobable€cause€to€arrest€someone,€that€person€may€be€arrested€forŠ \¬ Šfailure€to€appear.€€€Mr.€Karceski€observed€that€someŠ X Šcommissioners€may€have€difficulty€identifying€probable€cause,Š “  Šbecause€they€are€insufficiently€trained.€€The€Chair€remarked€thatŠ ` ° Šthe€problem€is€not€always€with€commissioners;€sometimes,€a€judgeŠ  \  Šwill€release€a€defendant€after€concluding€incorrectly€that€thereŠ ø  Šis€no€probable€cause.€€Mr.€Karceski€expressed€the€view€thatŠ d“  Šusually€the€problem€is€with€the€commissioners.€€It€is€not€anŠ `  Šideal€situation€to€wrongfully€arrest€someone€and€then€release€theŠ ¼  Šperson€on€personal€recognizance€with€conditions.€€Š hø Šą  ąMs.€Potter€said€that€she€and€Mr.€Titus€had€been€looking€atŠ d Šlanguage€suggested€for€section€(c)€by€Professor€Warnken€on€page€4Š Ą Šof€the€memorandum€he€had€distributed€today.€€Professor€WarnkenŠ l¼ Štold€the€Committee€that€in€his€capacity€as€a€professor€of€law,Š h Šhis€view€is€that€the€real€problem€is€with€Rule€4„213,€InitialŠ Ä ŠAppearance€of€Defendant.€€There€are€five€tasks€to€be€completed€byŠ pĄ  Šthe€judicial€officer.€€Rule€4„213€identifies€four€of€the€fiveŠ !l" Štasks:€€advice€of€charges,€advice€of€right€to€counsel,€pretrialŠ Č"$ Šrelease€determination,€and€advice€of€preliminary€hearing.€€One€ofŠ t$Ä& Šthe€four€listed€tasks,€pretrial€release€determination,€isŠ  &p!( Šdetailed€in€Rule€4„216.€€The€fifth€task€is€the€only€one€of€theŠ Ģ'#* Šfive€that€is€constitutionally€required,€and€it€is€omitted€fromŠ x)Č$, ŠRule€4„213.€€The€case€of€ņņGerstein€v.€Pughóó,€420€U.S.€103€(1975),Š $+t&. Šestablished€a€constitutional€requirement€for€a€prompt€probableŠ Š, (0 Šcause€determination€after€a€warrantless€arrest.€€ThatŠ |.Ģ)2 Šdetermination€is€buried€in€Rule€4„216.€€It€might€be€better€toŠ ° Šlist€this€task€in€Rule€4„213.€€The€Chair€commented€that€one€ruleŠ \¬ Šcan€refer€to€another€rule.€€For€example,€subsection€(a)(3)€ofŠ X ŠRule€4„213€refers€to€Rule€4„216.€€Š “  Šą  ąMr.€Titus€noted€that€the€alternate€language€proposed€byŠ ` ° ŠProfessor€Warnken€on€page€4€of€his€memorandum€for€section€(c)Š  \  Šreads€better.€€It€provides€that€the€judicial€officer€shallŠ ø  Šdetermine€whether€the€arrest€was€supported€by€probable€cause€andŠ d“  Šthe€remainder€of€the€procedure€designated€flows€from€whetherŠ `  Šthere€was€probable€cause.€€The€Vice€Chair€agreed€with€Mr.€TitusŠ ¼  Šthat€Professor€Warnkenššs€language€is€better€than€the€languageŠ hø Šproposed€for€section€(c)€by€the€Subcommittee.€€Judge€MissouriŠ d Šexpressed€the€opinion€that€the€dropping€of€charges€should€be€theŠ Ą Šdecision€of€the€Stateššs€Attorney.€€Mr.€Karceski€noted€that€theŠ l¼ Šlanguage€of€section€(c)€as€it€is€presented€today€in€the€meetingŠ h Šmaterials€requires€that€the€defendant€be€released€on€personalŠ Ä Šrecognizance€unless€there€is€probable€cause€to€believe€that€theŠ pĄ  Šdefendant€committed€an€offense€and€that€no€condition€of€releaseŠ !l" Šwill€ensure€the€appearance€of€the€defendant€and€the€safety€of€theŠ Č"$ Šalleged€victim€and€the€community.€€Professor€Warnken€commentedŠ t$Ä& Šthat€the€Rule€does€not€expressly€state€that€there€must€be€aŠ  &p!( Šdetermination€of€probable€cause.€€The€Chair€noted€that€theŠ Ģ'#* Šlanguage€in€section€(c)€which€reads,€š š...€unless€the€judicialŠ x)Č$, Šofficer€determines€that€there€is€probable€cause€to€believe€thatŠ $+t&. Šthe€defendant€committed€an€offense€...šš€makes€it€clear€that€thereŠ Š, (0 Šmust€be€a€determination€of€probable€cause.€€€Š |.Ģ)2 Šą  ąMr.€Brault€questioned€as€to€why,€after€a€warrantless€arrestŠ ° Šand€a€finding€of€no€probable€cause,€the€defendant€has€to€beŠ \¬ Šreleased€on€personal€recognizance.€€The€Chair€answered€thatŠ X Šreleasing€the€defendant€on€personal€recognizance€makes€sense.€Š “  ŠThe€defendant€does€not€have€to€be€recharged.€€Even€if€the€arrestŠ ` ° Šis€technically€illegal,€there€may€have€been€20€witnesses,€and€theŠ  \  Šrelease€on€personal€recognizance€ensures€that€the€defendant€doesŠ ø  Šnot€walk€away€completely.€€If€the€witnesses€appear€at€the€trial,Š d“  Šthe€defendant€could€be€convicted.€€Mr.€Karceski€inquired€as€toŠ `  Šwhy,€if€personal€recognizance€is€a€form€of€bond,€a€defendant€isŠ ¼  Šreleased€on€personal€recognizance.€€If€there€is€a€lack€ofŠ hø Šprobable€cause,€why€is€there€any€bond€at€all?€€The€ChairŠ d Šresponded€that€release€on€personal€recognizance€is€a€promise€toŠ Ą Šappear€at€trial.€€Š l¼ Šą  ąJudge€Heller€commented€that€section€(c)€should€be€modifiedŠ h Šbecause€it€is€unclear.€€Mr.€Titus€questioned€as€to€whether€aŠ Ä Šdefendant€should€be€entirely€released€when€the€judicial€officerŠ pĄ  Šfinds€no€probable€cause,€even€if€there€are€20€victims€and€20Š !l" Šwitnesses.€€Can€a€prosecutor€revisit€the€matter€later?€€The€ChairŠ Č"$ Šreplied€that€the€prosecutor€can€ask€the€court€to€reconsider€theŠ t$Ä& Šterms€of€release.€€The€prosecutor€also€can€file€an€information.€€Š  &p!( ŠMr.€Titus€stated€that€the€Minutes€should€reflect€that€theŠ Ģ'#* Šprosecutor€can€do€this.€€Š x)Č$, Šą  ąMr.€Titus€remarked€that€an€illegal€arrest€is€a€predicate€toŠ $+t&. Šproving€the€tort€of€false€arrest.€€Mr.€Brault€added€that€if€theŠ Š, (0 Šspecial€police€stop€someone€in€a€department€store,€and€withoutŠ |.Ģ)2 Šprobable€cause€accuse€the€person€of€shoplifting,€the€store€isŠ ° Šheld€liable.€€Under€Rule€4„216,€the€police€officer€can€make€anŠ \¬ Šillegal€arrest€with€no€consequence.€€A€form€of€bond€is€obtainedŠ X Šfrom€the€person€who€was€illegally€arrested,€compelling€theŠ “  Šdefendant€to€come€to€trial.€€This€is€no€different€than€if€theŠ ` ° Šperson€had€been€legally€arrested€because€there€was€probableŠ  \  Šcause.€€The€Chair€said€that€the€only€requirement€for€theŠ ø  Šdefendant€is€to€appear€at€trial€where€any€evidence€seizedŠ d“  Špursuant€to€the€arrest€without€probable€cause€is€inadmissible.€Š `  ŠThis€system€has€worked€well.Š ¼  Šą  ąMr.€Titus€suggested€that€section€(c)€be€clarified€by€usingŠ hø Šthe€language€from€page€4€of€Professor€Warnkenššs€memorandum,€andŠ d Šthe€Committee€agreed€by€consensus.€Š Ą Šą  ąJudge€Johnson€drew€the€Committeeššs€attention€to€section€(d)Š l¼ Šof€Rule€4„216.€€Judge€Dryden€noted€that€there€is€no€substantiveŠ h Šchange€to€section€(d).€€The€Chair€added€that€this€is€consistentŠ Ä Šwith€current€practice.€€Š pĄ  Šą  ąTurning€to€section€(e),€Judge€Johnson€said€that€most€of€theŠ !l" Šchanges€were€stylistic.€€The€Chair€commented€that€considerationŠ Č"$ Šof€the€factors€listed€in€subsection€(e)(1)€may€occur€at€threeŠ t$Ä& Šstages€of€the€proceedings:€€(1)€before€trial,€(2)€after€theŠ  &p!( Šverdict€and€before€the€sentencing,€and€(3)€after€the€sentencingŠ Ģ'#* Špending€appellate€review.€€The€Rule€implies€that€the€factorsŠ x)Č$, Šlisted€are€not€considered€after€the€verdict,€but€only€in€aŠ $+t&. Špretrial€release€inquiry.€€He€suggested€that€in€the€introductoryŠ Š, (0 Šlanguage€of€subsection€(e)(1)€the€word€š šmayšš€should€be€changed€toŠ |.Ģ)2 Šthe€word€š šshall,šš€and€that€other€language€should€be€moved€aroundŠ ° Što€read:€š š...€shall€take€into€account,€on€the€basis€ofŠ \¬ Šinformation€available:€...šš.€Š X Šą  ąMs.€Potter€asked€why€the€Rule€delineates€where€theŠ “  Šinformation€comes€from.€€The€Chair€said€that€this€is€covered€inŠ ` ° Šsubsection€(e)(1)(D).€€The€Reporter€suggested€that€the€languageŠ  \  Šin€the€beginning€of€subsection€(e)(1)€which€reads€š šon€the€basisŠ ø  Šof€information€availablešš€could€be€deleted.€€Mr.€Titus€pointedŠ d“  Šout€that€there€may€not€be€a€recommendation€made€by€an€agencyŠ `  Šwhich€conducts€pretrial€release€investigations,€and€he€suggestedŠ ¼  Šthat€subsection€(e)(1)(D)€should€read€as€follows:€š štheŠ hø Šrecommendation,€if€any,€of€an€agency€which€conducts€pretrialŠ d Šrelease€investigations.šš€€Judge€Johnson€suggested€that€subsectionŠ Ą Š(e)(1)(D)€could€simply€begin€with€the€words€š šany€recommendationŠ l¼ Šof€an€agency€...šš.€€Š h Šą  ąJudge€Heller€expressed€disagreement€with€the€suggestion€toŠ Ä Šchange€the€word€š šmayšš€to€š šshallšš€in€the€beginning€language€ofŠ pĄ  Šsubsection€(e)(1).€€The€judicial€officer€does€not€necessarilyŠ !l" Šarticulate€consideration€of€the€factors€listed€in€the€Rule.€Š Č"$ ŠChanging€the€language€to€be€mandatory€would€oblige€the€judicialŠ t$Ä& Šofficer€to€go€through€each€factor€on€the€record,€and€this€is€notŠ  &p!( Šwhat€happens€in€reality.€€Judge€Norton€agreed€with€Judge€Heller.€Š Ģ'#* ŠThe€commissioners€and€the€judges€go€through€as€many€of€theŠ x)Č$, Šfactors€as€are€available.€€A€commissioner€may€not€have€theŠ $+t&. Šrecommendation€of€the€Stateššs€Attorney€or€information€from€theŠ Š, (0 Šdefense€attorney.€€The€Rule€should€include€the€language€š šwhateverŠ |.Ģ)2 Šis€available.šš€€Mr.€Johnson€commented€that€the€word€š šmayšš€allowsŠ ° Šflexibility.Š \¬ Šą  ąDelegate€Vallario€remarked€that€if€the€defendant€is€chargedŠ X Šwith€a€minor€offense,€such€as€stealing€cigarettes,€there€will€notŠ “  Šbe€an€agency€recommendation,€and€the€š šlaundry€listšš€in€the€RuleŠ ` ° Šis€not€needed.€€Mr.€Sykes€suggested€that€a€Committee€note€couldŠ  \  Šbe€added,€which€would€provide:€€š šthe€relevant€factors€inŠ ø  Šdetermination€of€conditions€of€release€would€include€theŠ d“  Šfollowing€factors€...€.šš€€This€could€be€placed€next€to€theŠ `  Šprovision€about€releasing€on€conditions.€€This€would€avoid€theŠ ¼  Šproblem€of€whether€to€use€š šshallšš€or€š šmayšš€and€of€whether€theŠ hø Šlist€of€factors€needs€to€be€exhaustive.€€The€Vice€Chair€commentedŠ d Šthat€subsection€(e)(1)€has€been€in€Rule€4„216€for€a€long€time,Š Ą Šand€she€asked€why€it€should€now€be€moved€to€a€Committee€note.€Š l¼ ŠMr.€Sykes€answered€that€the€Committee€note€would€solve€theŠ h Šproblems€discussed€today.€€Š Ä Šą  ąJudge€Dryden€told€the€Committee€that€the€commissioners€knowŠ pĄ  Šabout€the€checklist€and€are€used€to€applying€the€factors€to€eachŠ !l" Šsituation.€€The€Chair€expressed€the€view€that€the€Rule€should€notŠ Č"$ Šbe€changed.€€Mr.€Karceski€observed€that€the€commissioners€do€notŠ t$Ä& Šalways€listen€to€defense€attorneys.€€He€has€been€told€byŠ  &p!( Šcommissioners€that€he€cannot€speak€even€though€he€is€theŠ Ģ'#* Šdefendantššs€attorney,€because€he€can€go€before€a€District€CourtŠ x)Č$, Šjudge€the€next€day.€€At€3€oššclock€in€the€morning,€the€reality€isŠ $+t&. Šthat€the€commissioner€does€not€have€available€much€of€theŠ Š, (0 Šinformation€listed€in€subsection€(e)(1)€of€the€Rule.€€€UsuallyŠ |.Ģ)2 Šthere€is€no€defense€attorney€or€Stateššs€Attorney€appearing€beforeŠ ° Šthe€commissioner.€€If€the€information€is€available,€the€judicialŠ \¬ Šofficer€should€consider€it.€€€Š X Šą  ąMr.€Karceski€suggested€that€subsection€(e)(1)(F)€should€readŠ “  Šas€follows:€€š šinformation€presented€by€the€defendant€or€theŠ ` ° Šdefendantššs€counsel.šš€€The€Reporter€suggested€that€subsectionŠ  \  Š(e)(1)(F)€should€read:€š šif€available,€information€presented€byŠ ø  Šthe€defendant€or€the€defendantššs€counsel.šš€€Judge€Missouri€agreedŠ d“  Šwith€the€Reporterššs€suggestion.€€The€Chair€suggested€that€theŠ `  Šadded€language€could€be€š šinformation€presented€by€the€defendantŠ ¼  Šor€the€defendantššs€attorney€to€the€extent€available.šš€€JudgeŠ hø ŠMissouri€pointed€out€that€this€addition€would€increase€the€riskŠ d Šthat€the€defendant€might€make€a€statement€that€the€attorneyŠ Ą Šwishes€the€defendant€had€not€made.€€Mr.€Klein€suggested€thatŠ l¼ Šsubsection€(e)(1)(F)€could€read:€š šany€information€presented€byŠ h Šdefendant€or€defendantššs€counsel.šš€€Subsections€(e)(1)(D)€andŠ Ä Š(e)(1)(E)€could€also€begin€with€the€word€š šany.šš€€The€ReporterŠ pĄ  Šsaid€that€the€Style€Subcommittee€can€look€at€this€issue.Š !l" Šą  ąThe€Chair€referred€to€the€language€at€the€end€of€subsectionŠ Č"$ Š(e)(1)(A)€which€reads€š šinsofar€as€these€factors€are€relevant€toŠ t$Ä& Šthe€risk€of€nonappearance.šš€€He€said€that€this€refers€to€an€old,Š  &p!( Šhistorical€issue€spoken€about€by€the€late€Robert€Sweeney,€theŠ Ģ'#* Šfirst€Chief€Judge€of€the€District€Court,€after€he€fieldedŠ x)Č$, Šcomplaints€about€commissioners€and€judges€releasing€defendants€onŠ $+t&. Špersonal€recognizance.€€The€Chair€remarked€that€the€factors€toŠ Š, (0 Šwhich€subsection€(e)(1)(A)€refers€cover€more€than€the€risk€ofŠ |.Ģ)2 Šnonappearance.€€Someone€may€continue€to€commit€robberies€evenŠ ° Šthough€the€person€will€appear€for€trial.€€The€standard€should€beŠ \¬ Šif€the€person€is€a€danger€to€the€victim€or€to€the€community.€€TheŠ X Šlanguage€at€the€end€of€subsection€(e)(1)(A)€should€be€deleted.€Š “  ŠThe€Vice€Chair€suggested€that€the€language€pertaining€to€theŠ ` ° Šsafety€of€the€victim€and€the€community€should€be€added€in,€butŠ  \  Šthe€Chair€noted€that€this€language€is€already€in€subsectionŠ ø  Š(e)(1)(G).€€Š d“  Šą  ąThe€Vice€Chair€inquired€as€to€whether€a€judicial€officer€isŠ `  Šallowed€to€refuse€to€release€a€defendant€solely€because€of€theŠ ¼  Šnature€of€the€evidence.€€Taking€out€altogether€the€reference€toŠ hø Šthe€factors€relevant€to€the€risk€of€nonappearance€allows€theŠ d Šdenial€of€pretrial€release.€€The€Chair€said€that€the€argument€canŠ Ą Šbe€made€that€one€only€considers€the€nature€of€the€evidenceŠ l¼ Šinsofar€as€it€is€relevant€to€the€risk€of€nonappearance.€€JudgeŠ h ŠHeller€commented€that€the€phrase€š šinsofar€as€these€factors€areŠ Ä Šrelevant€to€the€risk€of€nonappearancešš€is€not€necessary.€€TheŠ pĄ  ŠChair€stated€that€he€agreed€that€the€nature€of€the€evidenceŠ !l" Šagainst€the€defendant€should€be€considered€not€only€as€to€theŠ Č"$ Šrisk€of€nonappearance,€but€also€as€to€the€danger€to€the€victimŠ t$Ä& Šand€to€the€community.€€Mr.€Klein€suggested€that€the€language€ofŠ  &p!( Šsubsection€(e)(1)(G)€could€be€added€to€subsection€(e)(1)(I).€€Š Ģ'#* ŠThe€Vice€Chair€noted€that€the€general€rule€is€that€someone€isŠ x)Č$, Šreleased€unless€(1)€the€defendant€poses€a€danger€to€the€victim€orŠ $+t&. Što€the€community€or€(2)€there€is€a€risk€that€the€defendant€willŠ Š, (0 Šnot€appear.€€All€of€the€factors€are€relevant€to€those€two€things.€Š |.Ģ)2 ŠThe€Chair€suggested€that€subsection€(e)(1)(A)€end€with€the€wordŠ ° Šš šconviction,šš€and€the€remainder€of€that€subsection€be€placed€inŠ \¬ Šsubsection€(e)(1)(I)€which€would€read€as€follows:€š šany€otherŠ X Šfactor€relevant€to€the€risk€of€nonappearance,€including€...šš.€€Š “  Šą  ąThe€Vice€Chair€pointed€out€that€section€(b)€of€Rule€4„216,Š ` ° Šwhich€has€now€been€relettered€as€section€(a),€sets€forth€thatŠ  \  Šwhen€the€determination€is€made€as€to€whether€the€defendant€shouldŠ ø  Šbe€released,€there€are€two€factors€for€the€judicial€officer€toŠ d“  Šdetermine:€€the€appearance€of€the€defendant€as€required€and€theŠ `  Šsafety€of€the€alleged€victim€and€the€community.€€The€Chair€saidŠ ¼  Šthat€this€statement€should€be€there.€€Professor€Warnken€explainedŠ hø Šthat€the€Rule€used€to€refer€to€the€risk€of€flight.€€Now€the€RuleŠ d Šrefers€to€the€appearance€of€the€defendant,€the€risk€to€theŠ Ą Švictim,€and€the€risk€to€society.€€It€is€important€not€to€co„Š l¼ Šmingle€these€three€items€with€the€list€of€types€of€informationŠ h Šthat€the€judicial€officer€may€consider.€€Nothing€on€the€list€inŠ Ä Šand€of€itself€is€determinative€of€release;€all€are€relevant€toŠ pĄ  Šthe€three€risks€with€which€the€Rule€is€concerned€š!š„€the€risk€ofŠ !l" Šnonappearance€by€the€defendant,€the€risk€to€the€victim,€and€theŠ Č"$ Šrisk€to€society.Š t$Ä& Šą  ąThe€Vice€Chair€suggested€that€the€language€in€subsectionŠ  &p!( Š(e)(1)(A),€which€reads€š šinsofar€as€these€factors€are€relevant€toŠ Ģ'#* Šthe€risk€of€nonappearance,šš€and€subsections€(e)(1)(G)€and€(H)€inŠ x)Č$, Štheir€entirety€should€be€moved€to€subsection€(e)(1)(I).€€JudgeŠ $+t&. ŠHeller€disagreed€with€this€suggestion,€stating€that€it€isŠ Š, (0 Šimportant€for€the€judicial€officer€to€look€at€the€š šshopping€listššŠ |.Ģ)2 Šof€factors,€and€they€are€semantically€correct€where€they€areŠ ° Šlocated€now.€€The€Vice€Chair€suggested€that€language€should€beŠ \¬ Šadded€to€subsection€(e)(1)€repeating€the€concept€that€theŠ X Šjudicial€officer€may€determine€that€no€condition€of€release€willŠ “  Šensure€the€appearance€of€the€defendant€and€the€safety€of€theŠ ` ° Šalleged€victim€and€the€community.€€The€Chair€suggested€that€theŠ  \  Šlast€three€lines€of€section€(b),€which€has€now€been€reletteredŠ ø  Šsection€(a),€should€be€placed€either€at€the€beginning€ofŠ d“  Šsubsection€(e)(1)€or€in€subsection€(e)(1)(I).€€Mr.€JohnsonŠ `  Špointed€out€that€subsection€(e)(1)(H)€should€not€be€put€intoŠ ¼  Šsubsection€(e)(1)(I)€because€it€does€not€refer€to€the€safety€ofŠ hø Šthe€community.€€The€Vice€Chair€agreed€that€subsection€(e)(1)(H)Š d Šshould€not€be€moved.€€Professor€Warnken€commented€that€since€theŠ Ą Šthree€items€listed€in€section€(b),€which€is€now€section€(a),€areŠ l¼ Šstatutorily€required,€they€should€be€termed€as€mandatory.€€TheŠ h ŠChair€said€that€to€be€consistent€with€the€statute,€the€RuleŠ Ä Šshould€retain€the€š šlaundry€list,šš€so€there€is€no€question€about€aŠ pĄ  Šjudicial€officerššs€right€or€duty€to€examine€the€informationŠ !l" Šavailable.Š Č"$ Šą  ąJudge€Johnson€drew€the€Committeeššs€attention€to€subsectionŠ t$Ä& Š(e)(2)€and€noted€that€the€language€in€subsection€(e)(2)€has€notŠ  &p!( Šbeen€changed.€€€Š Ģ'#* Šą  ąTurning€to€subsection€(e)(3),€Judge€Johnson€pointed€out€aŠ x)Č$, Štypographical€error€in€part€(B)€š!š„€the€word€š šprotectšš€should€notŠ $+t&. Šhave€been€changed€to€the€word€š šprompt.šš€€The€Chair€had€a€questionŠ Š, (0 Šabout€subsection€(e)(4)€concerning€the€meaning€of€the€languageŠ |.Ģ)2 Šš šconditions€of€the€bail.šš€€Mr.€Sykes€answered€that€an€example€ofŠ ° Ša€condition€would€be€that€the€defendant€is€not€allowed€to€leaveŠ \¬ Šthe€State.€€The€Chair€commented€that€if€the€judicial€officer€setsŠ X Ša€bail€of€10%€or€50%€of€the€full€penalty€amount,€this€is€not€aŠ “  Šcondition.€€The€Reporter€remarked€that€the€word€š štermsšš€mightŠ ` ° Šwork€better€than€the€word€š šconditions.šš€€The€Vice€Chair€observedŠ  \  Šthat€Title€1,€Chapter€400€of€the€Maryland€Rules€of€Procedure€hasŠ ø  Šlanguage€pertaining€to€bonds.€€The€Vice€Chair€commented€that€theŠ d“  Štagline€of€subsection€(e)(4)€does€not€cover€the€new€language€thatŠ `  Šhas€been€added€to€it.€€€Š ¼  Šą  ąProfessor€Warnken€pointed€out€there€is€some€redundancy€inŠ hø Šthe€conditions€of€release€in€section€(f).€€The€Chair€said€thatŠ d Šthe€š šConditions€of€Releasešš€section€pertains€to€the€judicialŠ Ą Šofficer€telling€the€defendant€how€the€defendant€can€post€bail.€Š l¼ ŠImposition€of€the€conditions€of€release€precedes€the€advice€ofŠ h Šthose€conditions€in€the€Rule.€€Mr.€Sykes€noted€that€theŠ Ä Šconditions€of€release€and€the€conditions€of€bail€are€two€separateŠ pĄ  Šthings.€€Judge€Johnson€told€the€Committee€that€Mr.€DeeleyššsŠ !l" Šcommittee€had€recommended€that€subsection€(f)(4)(B)€read€asŠ Č"$ Šfollows:€š šwith€collateral€security€of€the€kind€specified€in€RuleŠ t$Ä& Š4„217(e)(1)(A)€equal€in€value€to€the€greater€of€$25.00€or€10%€ofŠ  &p!( Šthe€full€penalty€amount€[,]€or,€ņņfor€reasons€stated€in€writingóó,€aŠ Ģ'#* Šlarger€percentage€as€may€be€fixed€by€the€judicial€officer€...šš.€€Š x)Č$, ŠThe€Criminal€Subcommittee€voted€three€to€two€to€eliminate€theŠ $+t&. Šsuggested€language.€€The€Chair€questioned€as€to€whether€theŠ Š, (0 Šlanguage€in€subsection€(f)(6)€which€reads:€š šfor€good€cause€shownššŠ |.Ģ)2 Šis€necessary.€€The€Vice€Chair€replied€that€Code,€Criminal€LawŠ ° ŠArticle,€šš9„304€may€have€a€good€cause€requirement.€€The€ChairŠ \¬ Šresponded€that€if€this€is€in€the€Code,€the€language€should€stayŠ X Šin,€but€if€it€is€not,€it€should€be€deleted.Š “  Šą  ąMr.€Deeley€referred€to€Mr.€Karceskiššs€comments€concerningŠ ` ° Šappearances€by€defendants€in€the€middle€of€the€night.€€Mr.€DeeleyŠ  \  Šsaid€that€he,€too,€has€had€the€experience€of€representing€someoneŠ ø  Šbefore€a€commissioner€who€did€not€allow€Mr.€Deeley€to€speak€onŠ d“  Šbehalf€of€his€client.€€He€expressed€the€view€that€theŠ `  Šcommissioners€rarely€set€a€bail€of€10%€of€the€full€penaltyŠ ¼  Šamount.€€As€the€Chair€of€the€Pretrial€Release€Advisory€Committee,Š hø Šhe€seeks€reform€to€pretrial€release€practices.€€He€would€like€toŠ d Šsee€two€changes€to€Rule€4„216.€€If€the€commissioner€is€requiredŠ Ą Što€explain€why€a€bail€greater€than€10%€of€the€full€penalty€amountŠ l¼ Šis€being€set,€it€will€remind€him€or€her€that€the€10%€bail€is€anŠ h Šoption.€€Although€it€is€an€administrative€burden€to€the€bench€toŠ Ä Šfill€in€the€blank,€it€is€being€balanced€against€reformingŠ pĄ  Špretrial€practice.€€The€Subcommitteeššs€vote€to€eliminate€theŠ !l" Šproposed€language€was€very€close,€three€to€two.€€Mr.€Deeley€saidŠ Č"$ Šthat€he€hoped€the€Rules€Committee€would€reconsider€the€proposalŠ t$Ä& Što€add€the€language€š šfor€reasons€stated€in€writingšš€to€subsectionŠ  &p!( Š(f)(4)(B).€€€Š Ģ'#* Šą  ąMs.€Veronis€observed€that€the€commissioner€has€to€explainŠ x)Č$, Šthe€bail€only€if€it€is€higher€than€the€10%€option.€€The€ChairŠ $+t&. Šremarked€that€the€hope€is€that€the€commissioner€will€alwaysŠ Š, (0 Šconsider€the€10%€option€or€less,€but€the€proposed€language€mayŠ |.Ģ)2 Šnot€accomplish€this.€€Commissioners€may€choose€to€proceed€underŠ ° Šsubsection€(f)(4)(C),€instead€of€subsection€(f)(4)(B).€€Mr.Š \¬ ŠDeeley€noted€that€his€committee€lobbied€to€get€judicial€officersŠ X Što€embrace€the€10%€option€as€the€first€choice€alternativeŠ “  Šwhenever€bail€is€required.€€Ms.€Veronis€stated€that€the€Report€ofŠ ` ° Šthe€Pretrial€Release€Advisory€Committee€was€endorsed€by€theŠ  \  ŠJudicial€Council.€€At€the€Subcommittee€meeting,€Judge€Norton€hadŠ ø  Špointed€out€an€ambiguity€caused€by€an€overlap€between€twoŠ d“  Šsubsections€of€the€Rule.€€If€the€collateral€security€required€isŠ `  Š100%€of€the€full€penalty€amount,€there€is€an€overlap€betweenŠ ¼  Šsubsections€(f)(4)(B)€and€(f)(4)(C).€€These€subsections€can€beŠ hø Šredrafted€to€eliminate€the€ambiguity.Š d Šą  ąProfessor€Warnken€commented€that€Mr.€Deeley€suggests€thatŠ Ą Šjudicial€officers€are€not€doing€what€they€are€supposed€to€beŠ l¼ Šdoing.€€However,€there€is€no€evidence€to€support€this.€€In€theŠ h ŠRule,€there€are€nine€factors€that€a€judicial€officer€needs€toŠ Ä Šconsider;€assuming€all€are€equally€valuable,€why€should€one€ofŠ pĄ  Šthese€be€put€into€writing€and€not€the€other€eight?€€In€hisŠ !l" Šreport,€a€copy€of€which€had€been€mailed€to€each€member€of€theŠ Č"$ ŠRules€Committee,€Professor€Warnken€looked€at€280,000€casesŠ t$Ä& Šbetween€1998€and€1999.€€The€failure€to€appear€rate€is€34.3%€Š  &p!( Šhigher€for€the€defendants€who€were€given€the€bail€of€10%€of€theŠ Ģ'#* Šfull€penalty€amount.€€The€Chair€commented€that€this€is€a€policyŠ x)Č$, Šissue.Š $+t&. Šą  ąProfessor€Colbert€told€the€Committee€that€he€is€a€professorŠ Š, (0 Šat€the€University€of€Maryland€Law€School.€€For€the€past€eightŠ |.Ģ)2 Šyears,€he€has€been€concerned€with€changing€the€pretrial€releaseŠ ° Šand€bail€system.€€In€this€capacity,€he€has€not€been€retained€byŠ \¬ Šanyone.€€The€results€of€a€study€he€conducted€showed€that€lessŠ X Šthan€3%€of€defendants€were€offered€the€10%€cash€alternative€bail.Š “  ŠHalf€of€all€defendants€were€not€released€on€personalŠ ` ° Šrecognizance.€€When€the€10%€alternative€is€used,€upon€theŠ  \  Šconclusion€of€the€case,€it€can€be€recovered.€€It€is€the€leastŠ ø  Šonerous€alternative.€€To€encourage€judges€and€commissioners€toŠ d“  Šconsider€the€10%€alternative,€they€have€to€appreciate€theŠ `  Šeconomic€hardship€higher€bails€impose.€€The€Rules€proposed€todayŠ ¼  Šare€a€modest€step€forward.€€Nine€out€of€10€arrests€are€for€non„Š hø Šviolent€crimes€and€are€District€Court€offenses.€€These€cases€areŠ d Šappropriate€for€the€10%€bail.€€If€defendants€can€recover€theŠ Ą Šmoney€from€the€bail,€it€can€be€used€for€rent,€utilities,€andŠ l¼ Šfood.Š h Šą  ąMr.€Titus€commented€that€the€Rule€quotes€Code,€CriminalŠ Ä ŠProcedure€Article,€šš5„101€and€refers€to€the€liberal€constructionŠ pĄ  Šof€the€statute.€€He€expressed€his€concern€about€deleting€sectionŠ !l" Š(a)€entirely€and€suggested€that€in€addition€to€the€Committee€noteŠ Č"$ Šdrafted€by€Professor€Warnken,€a€Committee€note€or€cross€referenceŠ t$Ä& Šcould€be€added€which€would€state€what€šš5„101€provides.€€JudgeŠ  &p!( ŠHeller€and€the€Chair€agreed€with€this€suggestion.€€Š Ģ'#* Šą  ąThe€Chair€remarked€that€he€was€surprised€to€learn€thatŠ x)Č$, Šcommissioners€are€giving€short€shrift€to€the€10%€bailŠ $+t&. Šalternative,€because€commissioners€and€judges€are€trained€toŠ Š, (0 Šconsider€it€as€an€alternative.€€One€way€to€solve€the€problem€isŠ |.Ģ)2 Što€provide€in€the€Rule€that€if€the€commissioner€sets€bail€atŠ ° Š$2500€or€less,€the€commissioner€shall€advise€the€defendant€thatŠ \¬ Šhe€or€she€may€post€a€bail€bond€through€a€corporate€surety€or€postŠ X Ša€bond€of€10%.€€The€defendant€would€have€the€choice.€€This€wouldŠ “  Šensure€that€commissioners€consider€the€10%€option.€€Judge€NortonŠ ` ° Šobserved€that€there€needs€to€be€a€cultural€change€among€judges€toŠ  \  Šconsider€alternative€bail€methods.€€He€agreed€that€there€has€beenŠ ø  Ša€lack€of€use€of€the€10%€option.€€€€€€€€€€€€€Š d“  Šą  ąProfessor€Warnken€commented€that€the€Chairššs€suggestedŠ `  Šchange€would€create€a€de€jure€or€de€facto€right€to€get€a€10%€bailŠ ¼  Šwhich€would€then€create€a€large€bureaucracy€to€administer€thisŠ hø Štype€of€bail.€€There€is€a€reason€why€the€failure€to€appear€rateŠ d Šis€34.3%€higher€with€the€10%€bail€option.€€His€report€explainsŠ Ą Šthat€the€10%€bail€is€paid€to€the€court,€and€if€the€defendant€doesŠ l¼ Šnot€appear,€no€one€sees€to€it€that€the€defendant€is€located.€€DueŠ h Što€economic€necessity,€bail€bondsmen€see€to€it€that€defendantsŠ Ä Šappear€for€trial.€€The€large€numbers€of€those€who€fail€to€appearŠ pĄ  Šcannot€be€ignored.€€If€the€10%€bail€is€offered€5€or€6%€of€theŠ !l" Štime,€and€it€is€put€into€place€3%€of€the€time,€it€will€produceŠ Č"$ Š3,000€to€4,000€such€bails.€€The€de€facto€impact€of€10%€bail€isŠ t$Ä& Šbureaucracy€in€the€courts.€€The€Chair€stated€that€the€issue€isŠ  &p!( Šwhether€the€10%€bail€is€being€used€where€it€is€appropriate.€€Š Ģ'#* ŠDelegate€Vallario€remarked€that€counsel,€as€officers€of€theŠ x)Č$, Šcourt,€help€in€assisting€the€judicial€officers€in€determiningŠ $+t&. Šbail.€€In€the€2002€legislative€session,€there€were€two€pieces€ofŠ Š, (0 Šlegislation€on€this€topic,€both€of€which€failed€after€fullŠ |.Ģ)2 Šhearings.€€His€feeling€is€that€the€proposed€language€that€wasŠ ° Šrejected€by€the€Subcommittee€was€a€back€door€approach€to€theŠ \¬ Šlegislation€that€was€killed.€€The€commissioners€need€to€beŠ X Šeducated.€€In€some€cases,€a€reasonable€bond€will€assure€theŠ “  Šappearance€of€the€defendant€at€trial.€€A€bondsman€will€try€toŠ ` ° Šbring€a€defendant€back€for€trial.€€If€a€defendant€puts€up€$1000Š  \  Šof€a€$10,000€bail,€no€one€will€see€that€the€defendant€appears€forŠ ø  Štrial.Š d“  Šą  ąThe€Vice€Chair€asked€if€the€judges€feel€that€a€10%€cash€bondŠ `  Šis€inappropriate.€€Judge€Heller€responded€that€speaking€forŠ ¼  Šherself€and€not€on€behalf€of€other€judges,€she€had€been€educatedŠ hø Šas€to€the€possible€reasons€for€using€the€10%€bail.€€She€had€notŠ d Špreviously€used€this,€but€now€she€does€use€it€as€an€option.€€SheŠ Ą Šsaid€that€she€agrees€with€Delegate€Vallario€and€Judge€Norton€thatŠ l¼ Šit€is€important€to€educate€judges€and€commissioners.€€The€writtenŠ h Šrequirement€added€to€the€Rule€will€not€promote€the€use€of€the€10%Š Ä Šbail.€€She€expressed€some€concern€as€to€an€enforcement€mechanismŠ pĄ  Šfor€those€bails,€and€she€remarked€that€the€enforcement€mechanismŠ !l" Šmay€or€may€not€be€better€when€a€bail€bondsman€is€involved.€€TheŠ Č"$ ŠChair€referred€to€the€Vice€Chairššs€question€about€whether€judgesŠ t$Ä& Šare€reluctant€to€use€the€10%€bail,€commenting€that€some€judgesŠ  &p!( Šare€reluctant,€because€of€criticism€by€the€law€enforcementŠ Ģ'#* Šcommunity.€€Judge€Heller€said€that€she€is€not€afraid€to€use€theŠ x)Č$, Š10%€bail.Š $+t&. Šą  ąJudge€Missouri€told€the€Committee€that€in€Prince€GeorgeššsŠ Š, (0 ŠCounty,€the€judges€are€rarely€using€the€10%€bail€in€felony€cases.€Š |.Ģ)2 ŠFor€District€Court€misdemeanors,€the€numbers€are€up.€€SometimesŠ ° Šthe€reason€the€10%€bail€is€not€used€is€simply€a€lack€of€awarenessŠ \¬ Šof€the€options.€€Judge€Missouri€noted€that€he€has€no€problem€withŠ X Šadding€a€checkoff€box€for€the€judicial€officer€to€explain€why€theŠ “  Š10%€bail€was€not€chosen,€but€he€feels€that€doing€this€will€notŠ ` ° Šemphasize€the€option€of€the€10%€bail.€€He€expressed€the€concernŠ  \  Šthat€since€there€has€to€be€a€mechanism€to€keep€track€of€the€moneyŠ ø  Šowed€to€the€people€with€10%€bail€bonds€who€appear€for€trial,€thisŠ d“  Šmay€create€a€bureaucracy€in€the€clerksšš€offices.€€The€clerk€inŠ `  ŠPrince€Georgeššs€County€is€concerned€about€tracking€the€bail€bondŠ ¼  Šmoney€coming€in.€€The€District€Court€has€mechanisms€to€accept€theŠ hø Šbail€bond€money€through€the€commissioner.€€Judge€Missouri€hadŠ d Šspoken€with€Ms.€Veronis€about€adding€language€to€Rule€4„216€toŠ Ą Šassist€the€clerks€of€the€circuit€court€in€this€matter.Š l¼ Šą  ąMr.€Shipley€stated€that€the€bail€money€is€put€into€escrow.€€Š h ŠMs.€Veronis€observed€that€Prince€Georgeššs€County€is€unique€inŠ Ä Šthat€the€county€receives€1%€of€the€amount€of€bail€bond€money.€Š pĄ  ŠJudge€Missouri€commented€that€Prince€Georgeššs€County€has€a€bailŠ !l" Šbond€commissioner€who€monitors€all€bail€bonds€within€the€circuit.€Š Č"$ ŠThe€Vice€Chair€expressed€the€opinion€that€this€may€present€aŠ t$Ä& Šconflict€for€judges.€€Judge€Johnson€responded€that€the€fact€theŠ  &p!( Šcounty€receives€1%€of€the€bail€bond€money€is€not€in€the€minds€ofŠ Ģ'#* Šmost€judges.€€The€Stateššs€Attorney€proceeds€with€forfeiture€ofŠ x)Č$, Šproperty€bonds€if€the€defendant€does€not€appear.€€The€ChairŠ $+t&. Špointed€out€that€the€legislature€rejected€the€10%€bail€bill.€€HeŠ Š, (0 Šsaid€that€his€proposal€is€not€inconsistent€with€what€theŠ |.Ģ)2 Šlegislature€rejected.€€The€bail€is€low€enough,€and€as€long€as€theŠ ° Šdefendant€is€not€dangerous,€it€is€an€option.€€Even€with€a€10%Š \¬ Šoption,€many€people€prefer€to€pay€a€bail€bondsman€on€a€paymentŠ X Šplan€to€get€out€of€jail€more€quickly.€€This€unclogs€the€detentionŠ “  Šcenters€which€sometimes€hold€defendants€for€90€days,€because€theyŠ ` ° Šcannot€make€a€$500€bail.Š  \  Šą  ąDelegate€Vallario€referred€to€the€$25€amount€in€subsectionŠ ø  Š(f)(4)(B),€noting€that€when€the€Rule€was€written,€a€$250€bond€wasŠ d“  Ša€large€amount€of€money.€€The€$25€amount€could€be€changed€to€$100Š `  Šfor€a€$1000€bond.€€This€would€be€equivalent€to€the€suggestionŠ ¼  Šmade€by€the€Chair€š!š„€the€greater€of€$1000€or€10%.€€The€ReporterŠ hø Šobserved€that€Code,€Criminal€Procedure€Article,€šš5„205€refers€toŠ d Šthe€$25€amount.€€Š Ą Šą  ąMr.€Karceski€expressed€his€agreement€with€the€ChairššsŠ l¼ Šsuggestion.€€The€bail€amount€of€$2500€covers€the€overwhelmingŠ h Šmajority€of€situations€that€would€clog€jails,€and€10%€of€thatŠ Ä Šwould€not€cause€problems.€€No€commissioner€has€ever€put€a€clientŠ pĄ  Šof€Mr.€Karceskiššs€on€a€10%€bail.€€His€clients€have€either€beenŠ !l" Šreleased€on€personal€recognizance,€a€monetary€amount,€or€on€aŠ Č"$ Šproperty€bond.€€Professor€Colbert€also€agreed€with€the€ChairššsŠ t$Ä& Šproposal.€€There€is€a€lack€of€awareness€of€the€various€bailŠ  &p!( Šoptions.€€Except€for€two€counties,€indigent€defendants€have€noŠ Ģ'#* Šattorney€when€they€appear€before€a€commissioner€or€a€bail€reviewŠ x)Č$, Šjudge.€€An€attorney€would€educate€a€commissioner€or€a€judge.€Š $+t&. ŠWith€the€lack€of€representation,€however,€it€is€important€toŠ Š, (0 Šincrease€awareness€by€other€means.€€The€Advisory€Committee€hasŠ |.Ģ)2 Šrequested€that€the€Rules€Committee€speak€to€the€10%€bail€optionŠ ° Što€encourage€judges€to€consider€it.€€Š \¬ Šą  ąProfessor€Warnken€commented€that€to€the€extent€there€is€aŠ X Šneed€for€reform,€he€recommends€the€mandatory€checkoff€by€judges.€€Š “  ŠThe€Chairššs€suggestion€is€the€same€net€effect€as€a€mandatory€10%Š ` ° Šbail€and€is€against€the€spirit€of€what€the€legislature€did€notŠ  \  Šdo.€€Mr.€Flohr€expressed€the€view€that€including€a€box€forŠ ø  Šcommissioners€and€judges€to€check€off€is€a€way€of€callingŠ d“  Šattention€to€the€10%€option.€€He€had€attended€the€legislativeŠ `  Šhearings€on€bail,€and€he€feels€that€adding€the€checkoff€box€isŠ ¼  Šnot€against€the€views€of€the€legislators.€€The€Chair€stated€thatŠ hø Šhis€proposal€goes€farther.€€If€the€bail€is€$2500€or€less,€theŠ d Šjudicial€officer€shall€advise€the€defendant€of€the€right€to€postŠ Ą Ša€10%€bail.€€If€the€bail€is€greater€than€$2500,€the€judicialŠ l¼ Šofficer€shall€determine€if€the€bail€is€10%,€full,€etc.€€€€Š h Šą  ąDelegate€Vallario€asked€about€changing€the€amount€inŠ Ä Šsubsection€(f)(4)(B)€from€$25€to€$100.€€The€Committee€agreed€byŠ pĄ  Šconsensus€to€this€change.€€The€Chair€said€that€the€Committee€canŠ !l" Šagree€on€an€amount€below€which€the€judicial€officer€must€adviseŠ Č"$ Šthe€defendant€that€he€or€she€can€choose€the€10%€option€or€aŠ t$Ä& Šcorporate€surety.€€The€Vice€Chair€suggested€that€the€threeŠ  &p!( Šdifferent€options€for€subsection€(f)(4)(B)€be€presented€to€theŠ Ģ'#* ŠCourt€of€Appeals,€including€the€change€from€$25€to€$100.€€TheŠ x)Č$, ŠCourt€would€be€apprised€that€the€Criminal€Subcommittee€did€notŠ $+t&. Švote€for€a€change€to€the€subsection.€€Judge€Johnson€said€thatŠ Š, (0 Šsince€not€all€of€the€Subcommittee€members€were€present€at€theŠ |.Ģ)2 Šmeeting€where€the€vote€was€taken,€the€Court€should€not€be€toldŠ ° Šabout€the€Subcommitteeššs€vote.€€The€Vice€Chair€said€that€theŠ \¬ Šthree€options€are€(1)€no€change,€(2)€adding€a€statement€ofŠ X Šreasons€as€to€why€the€judicial€officer€chose€a€bail€higher€thanŠ “  Š10%€of€the€full€penalty€amount,€and€(3)€the€proposal€by€theŠ ` ° ŠChair.€€The€Court€can€decide€as€to€which€of€these€it€prefers.€€Š  \  ŠThe€Chair€agreed€with€the€Vice€Chairššs€suggestion.€€Š ø  Šą  ąJudge€Missouri€noted€that€the€Chairššs€proposal€is€a€way€toŠ d“  Šencourage€judicial€officers€to€concentrate€on€the€10%€option.€€Š `  ŠThe€Vice€Chair€remarked€that€there€may€be€times€when€even€thoughŠ ¼  Šthe€judicial€officer€is€imposing€a€$2500€bond,€the€judicialŠ hø Šofficer€may€want€a€surety€bond.€€Judge€Heller€responded€that€thisŠ d Šjudicial€discretion€is€not€taken€away,€but€the€Vice€Chair€arguedŠ Ą Šthat€the€Chairššs€proposal€eliminates€the€judgeššs€discretion€toŠ l¼ Šmandate€a€surety.€€The€Chair€observed€that€for€some€amounts€ofŠ h Šbail,€it€does€not€make€sense€to€mandate€a€corporate€surety.€Š Ä ŠThere€is€no€harm€in€clarifying€that€above€some€level,€a€judicialŠ pĄ  Šofficer€has€discretion€to€designate€bail.€€Judge€Heller€remarkedŠ !l" Šthat€this€could€result€in€higher€bails€being€set.€€Judge€MissouriŠ Č"$ Šnoted€that€some€defendants,€if€given€the€option€of€a€$10,000€bailŠ t$Ä& Šor€personal€recognizance€with€supervision€by€Pretrial€Release,Š  &p!( Šopt€for€the€$10,000€so€that€they€will€not€be€under€theŠ Ģ'#* Šsupervision€of€Pretrial€Release.€€Š x)Č$, Šą  ąJudge€Kaplan€expressed€his€agreement€with€the€ChairššsŠ $+t&. Šproposal€using€the€amount€of€$2500€or€below€when€the€judicialŠ Š, (0 Šofficer€advises€the€defendant€of€his€or€her€right€to€post€a€10%Š |.Ģ)2 Šbond.€€The€Vice€Chair€asked€if€the€concept€precludes€the€idea€ofŠ ° Šsending€the€three€options€to€the€Court€of€Appeals.€€The€ChairŠ \¬ Šasked€the€Committee€how€many€of€them€were€in€favor€of€the€idea€ofŠ X Šoffering€the€Court€the€three€options.€€Four€members€were€opposed,Š “  Šthe€remainder€were€in€favor.€€The€Chair€then€inquired€what€theŠ ` ° ŠRules€Committee€preference€was.€€The€Vice€Chair€remarked€thatŠ  \  Šsome€of€the€members€may€not€have€a€preference.€€The€Chair€statedŠ ø  Šthat€a€majority€of€the€Committee€is€favor€of€informing€the€CourtŠ d“  Šof€Appeals€about€the€three€options.€€The€Vice€Chair€noted€thatŠ `  Šthe€Court€may€combine€the€options.€€Mr.€Sykes€observed€that€noŠ ¼  Šinconsistency€exists€between€the€proposal€of€the€PretrialŠ hø ŠAdvisory€Committee€regarding€the€judicial€officer€explaining€whyŠ d Šthe€bail€is€over€10%€of€the€full€amount€and€the€Chairššs€proposalŠ Ą Šthat€when€a€bail€is€set€at€$2500€or€below,€the€defendant€is€to€beŠ l¼ Štold€of€the€options€of€a€bail€of€10%€of€the€full€amount€or€aŠ h Šcorporate€surety€bond.€€Judge€Kaplan€moved€that€the€ChairššsŠ Ä Šproposal€be€approved€as€the€first€choice€option€forŠ pĄ  Šrecommendation€to€the€Court€of€Appeals.€€The€Committee€was€inŠ !l" Šfavor€of€this€on€a€vote€of€16€for€the€motion€and€one€abstention.€Š Č"$ ŠThe€Vice€Chair€said€that€although€she€would€like€this€proposal€toŠ t$Ä& Šbe€an€option€that€is€presented€to€the€Court,€it€is€notŠ  &p!( Šnecessarily€her€first€choice.€€She€questioned€as€to€whether€theŠ Ģ'#* Šcourts€can€handle€this€administratively.€€Judge€Dryden€answeredŠ x)Č$, Šthat€this€would€be€applicable€mostly€to€the€District€Court,€whichŠ $+t&. Štakes€in€the€bail€money€every€day.€€The€money€is€kept€if€theŠ Š, (0 Šdefendants€do€not€appear,€and€it€is€returned€to€the€defendantsŠ |.Ģ)2 Šwho€do€appear.€€Š ° Šą  ąThe€Chair€inquired€as€to€how€many€Committee€members€were€inŠ \¬ Šfavor€of€the€Advisory€Committee€recommendation,€which€is€that€theŠ X Šjudicial€officer€explain€why€a€bail€is€set€at€more€than€10%€ofŠ “  Šthe€full€amount.€€Senator€Stone€asked€if€this€means€that€theŠ ` ° Šjudicial€officer€checks€off€a€box€which€reads€š šconsidered,€butŠ  \  Šdenied,šš€or€if€this€means€the€officer€has€to€write€an€explanatoryŠ ø  Šparagraph.€€The€Chair€replied€that€this€means€providing€aŠ d“  Šstatement€of€reasons€and€not€just€checking€a€box.€€The€Vice€ChairŠ `  Šinquired€if€the€reasons€answer€why€the€officer€is€requiring€aŠ ¼  Šhigher€amount€of€bail,€and€the€Chair€answered€that€the€reasonsŠ hø Šexplain€why€the€officer€is€not€allowing€a€10%€cash€bail.€€SenatorŠ d ŠStone€remarked€that€as€part€of€the€educational€component,€a€boxŠ Ą Šcould€be€added€providing€that€10%€cash€was€considered,€butŠ l¼ Šdenied.€€The€Chair€added€that€this€would€be€useful€to€be€put€intoŠ h Šthe€District€Court€forms,€but€not€into€the€Rules€of€Procedure€asŠ Ä Ša€requirement.€€€Š pĄ  Šą  ąJudge€Missouri€remarked€that€it€was€his€understanding€thatŠ !l" Šthe€Pretrial€Release€Advisory€Committee€is€recommending€that€aŠ Č"$ Šjudicial€officer€be€required€to€affirmatively€state€a€reason€whenŠ t$Ä& Šthe€defendant€receives€a€bail€which€is€greater€than€10%€of€theŠ  &p!( Šfull€amount.€€Professor€Warnken€said€that€the€judges€and€DistrictŠ Ģ'#* ŠCourt€commissioners€need€to€be€educated,€but€the€third€optionŠ x)Č$, Štakes€way€their€discretion€as€to€how€the€defendants€post€bond.€€Š $+t&. ŠThe€Chair€responded€that€discretion€would€be€taken€away€only€ifŠ Š, (0 Šthe€bail€is€$2500€or€less.€€Mr.€Sykes€asked€if€the€requirementŠ |.Ģ)2 Šthat€the€judicial€officer€explain€the€bail€decision€if€it€isŠ ° Šgreater€than€10%€of€the€full€amount€would€cause€an€administrativeŠ \¬ Šburden€in€the€flow€of€cases.€€Judge€Heller€replied€that€sometimesŠ X Šmany€defendants€are€present€at€the€same€time€for€bail€reviews,Š “  Šand€it€could€be€a€burden€to€write€down€the€explanations.€Š ` ° ŠHowever,€the€benefits€may€outweigh€the€burdens.Š  \  Šą  ąThe€Chair€commented€that€stating€the€reasons€may€create€someŠ ø  Šburden€on€the€commissioners€and€the€court.€€There€would€be€twoŠ d“  Šsituations€in€which€the€explanation€would€be€made.€€One€isŠ `  Šexplaining€the€decision€as€to€whether€the€bail€is€cash€or€aŠ ¼  Šcorporate€surety,€and€the€other€is€if€the€bail€is€more€than€10%Š hø Šof€the€full€amount.€€Mr.€Deeley€added€that€another€benefit€ofŠ d Šrequiring€an€explanation€is€that€the€next€judicial€officer€toŠ Ą Šreview€the€prior€decision€will€understand€it€better.Š l¼ Šą  ąThe€Chair€called€for€a€vote€as€to€whether€to€include€theŠ h Šrequirement€that€a€bail€which€is€more€than€10%€of€the€full€amountŠ Ä Šhas€to€be€explained€as€an€option€for€the€Court€of€Appeals€toŠ pĄ  Šconsider.€€The€Chair€explained€that€this€vote€did€not€mean€thatŠ !l" Šthis€option€was€the€first€choice.€€Mr.€Sykes€inquired€as€to€howŠ Č"$ Šthis€will€operate€in€practice.€€He€said€that€he€cannot€vote€inŠ t$Ä& Šfavor€of€this€option€because€to€him€it€seemed€to€be€theŠ  &p!( Šequivalent€of€using€a€cannon€to€shoot€a€tin€can.€€This€option€canŠ Ģ'#* Šbe€submitted€to€the€Court€of€Appeals€as€a€recommendation€of€aŠ x)Č$, Šdistinguished€Committee€chaired€by€Mr.€Deeley,€but€Mr.€SykesŠ $+t&. Šreiterated€that€he€cannot€say€that€he€is€in€favor€of€it.€€€Š Š, (0 Šą  ąThe€Chair€asked€the€Committee€to€vote€on€three€things:Š |.Ģ)2 Šwhether€to€recommend€to€the€Court€of€Appeals€adoption€of€theŠ ° ŠAdvisory€Committeeššs€language,€to€recommend€against€adoption,€orŠ \¬ Što€take€no€position.€€Five€members€of€the€Committee€voted€toŠ X Šrecommend€in€favor,€seven€voted€to€recommend€against,€and€sixŠ “  Štook€no€position.€€The€Chair€stated€that€the€court€will€beŠ ` ° Šadvised€of€this€vote.Š  \  Šą  ąAfter€the€lunch€break,€the€Chair€announced€that€Ms.€PotterŠ ø  Šhad€received€from€the€Maryland€State€Bar€Association€the€Ed€SheaŠ d“  ŠAward€for€Professionalism.€€Mr.€Johnson€announced€that€JudgeŠ `  ŠMissouri€had€received€an€award€from€the€Pro€Bono€Resource€CenterŠ ¼  Šfor€his€activities.€€Š hø Šą  ąMs.€Potter€asked€if€the€Style€Subcommittee€could€take€a€lookŠ d Šat€the€three€factors€listed€in€subsection€(f)(5)€of€Rule€4„216.€€Š Ą ŠThe€Vice€Chair€answered€that€the€Style€Subcommittee€will€reviewŠ l¼ Šthis€provision.Š h Šą  ąJudge€Johnson€told€the€Committee€that€no€changes€had€beenŠ Ä Šmade€to€sections€(g)€or€(h).€€Section€(i)€has€new€language.€€Mr.Š pĄ  ŠSykes€pointed€out€that€the€language€needs€restyling,€but€theŠ !l" Šconcept€will€be€retained.€€Mr.€Titus€asked€if€a€Committee€noteŠ Č"$ Špertaining€to€Code,€Criminal€Procedure€Article€šš5„101€will€beŠ t$Ä& Šadded€to€Rule€4„216€,€and€the€Chair€replied€affirmatively.€€TheŠ  &p!( ŠCommittee€approved€Rule€4„216€as€amended.€€Š Ģ'#* Šą  ąJudge€Johnson€said€that€the€only€changes€made€to€Rule€4„217Š x)Č$, Šwere€stylistic.€€The€Committee€approved€Rule€4„217€as€presented.Š $+t&. Šą  ąMr.€Deeley€thanked€the€Committee€for€their€time€andŠ Š, (0 Šthoughtful€deliberation.€€Judge€Johnson€added€that€all€of€theŠ |.Ģ)2 Šconsultants€had€done€a€tremendous€job.Š ° ŠÓÓĢAgenda€Item€2.€€Reconsideration€of€a€proposed€amendment€to€RuleŠ 2‚ Š€€4„505€(Answer€to€Application€or€Petition)Š X Š________________________________________________________________Š Ž. ŠĢĢÓÓą  ąJudge€Johnson€presented€Rule€4„505,€Answer€to€Application€orŠ ` ° ŠPetition,€for€the€Committeeššs€consideration.€€Š  \  ŠÓÓĢŅ` °ŅŅ` °Ņą@˜ ˜ ģąMARYLAND€RULES€OF€PROCEDUREˆŠ ŽŽ  ŠĢą@ģąTITLE€4€„€CRIMINAL€CAUSESˆŠ :Š  ŠĢą@| | ģąCHAPTER€500€„€EXPUNGEMENT€OF€RECORDSˆŠ ę6 ŠĢĢą ø ąAMEND€Rule€4„505€to€add€to€section€(d)Š hø Šnew€language€to€include€failure€to€file€aŠ >Ž Šnotice€of€denial€as€constituting€a€consent€toŠ d Šan€expungement,€as€follows:Š ź: ŠĢĢRule€4-505.€€ANSWER€TO€APPLICATION€ORŠ l¼ ŠPETITION€Š B’ ŠĢĢ€€(a)€€Answer€to€ApplicationŠ Ä ŠĢą ø ą€€Within€30€days€after€service€of€anŠ pĄ  Šapplication€for€expungement,€the€lawŠ F –! Šenforcement€agency€shall€file€an€answer,€ifŠ !l" Šit€has€not€previously€filed€a€timely€noticeŠ ņ!B# Šof€denial€or€if€it€wishes€to€assertŠ Č"$ Šadditional€reasons€for€denial€at€the€hearing,Š ž#ī% Šand€serve€a€copy€on€the€applicant€or€theŠ t$Ä& Šattorney€of€record.€€Š J%š ' ŠĢ€€(b)€€Answer€to€PetitionŠ ö&F") ŠĢą ø ą€€Within€30€days€after€service€of€aŠ ¢(ņ#+ Špetition€for€expungement,€the€State'sŠ x)Č$, ŠAttorney€shall€file€an€answer,€and€serve€aŠ N*ž%- Šcopy€on€the€petitioner€or€the€attorney€ofŠ $+t&. Šrecord.€€Š ś+J'/ ŠĢCross€reference:€€Code,€Criminal€ProcedureŠ ¦-ö(1 ŠArticle,€šš10„105€(d).Š |.Ģ)2 Ї€€(c)€€ContentsŠ ° ŠĢą ø ą€€An€answer€objecting€to€expungement€ofŠ \¬ Šrecords€shall€state€in€detail€the€specificŠ 2‚ Šgrounds€for€objection.€€A€law€enforcementŠ X Šagency€or€State's€Attorney€may€by€answerŠ Ž. Šconsent€to€the€expungement€of€an€applicant'sŠ “  Šor€petitioner's€record.€€Š Š Ś ŠĢ€€(d)€€Effect€of€Failure€to€AnswerŠ 6 †  ŠĢą ø ą€€The€failure€of€a€law€enforcementŠ ā 2  Šagency€or€State's€Attorney€to€file€ņņeither€aŠ ø  Šnotice€of€denial€oróó€an€answer€within€the€30Š ŽŽ  Šday€period€constitutes€a€consent€to€theŠ d“  Šexpungement€as€requested.€€Š :Š  ŠĢSource:€€This€Rule€is€derived€from€formerŠ ę6 ŠRule€EX4.€€Š ¼  ŠĢĢҰ` ŅҰ` Ņą  ąRule€4„505€was€accompanied€by€the€following€Reporterššs€Note.Š >Ž ŠĢŅ` °ŅŅ` °Ņą ø ąJulia€M.€Andrew,€Esq.,€AssistantŠ ź: ŠAttorney€General,€explained€in€a€letter€thatŠ Ą Ša€law€enforcement€agency€is€not€required€toŠ –ę Šfile€an€answer€to€an€application€forŠ l¼ Šexpungement€if€the€agency€previously€filed€aŠ B’ Štimely€notice€of€denial.€€The€currentŠ h Šlanguage€of€section€(d)€of€Rule€4„505€isŠ ī> Šmisleading€because€it€does€not€refer€to€aŠ Ä Šfiling€of€a€notice€of€denial,€and€Ms.€AndrewŠ šź Šis€requesting€that€this€language€be€added.€Š pĄ  ŠThe€Criminal€Subcommittee€is€in€agreementŠ F –! Šwith€this€request.Š !l" ŠĢĢҰ` ŅҰ` ŅÓÓą  ąJudge€Johnson€explained€that€the€Subcommittee€is€proposing€aŠ ž#ī% Šchange€to€the€Rule€in€response€to€a€letter€from€Julia€Andrew,Š J%š ' ŠEsq.,€Assistant€Attorney€General.€€She€had€pointed€out€that€a€lawŠ ö&F") Šenforcement€agency€is€not€required€to€file€an€answer€to€anŠ ¢(ņ#+ Šapplication€for€expungement€if€the€agency€previously€filed€aŠ N*ž%- Štimely€notice€of€denial.€€Section€(d)€of€Rule€4„505€does€notŠ ś+J'/ Šrefer€to€a€filing€of€a€notice€of€denial€which€may€be€misleading,Š ¦-ö(1 Šand€Ms.€Andrew€recommends€adding€language€to€section€(d)Š ° Šreferring€to€a€notice€of€denial.€€The€Chair€said€that€the€problemŠ \¬ Šis€that€if€the€law€enforcement€agency€has€filed€or€sent€to€theŠ X Špetitioner€a€notice€of€denial,€and€then€a€petition€is€filedŠ “  Šrequesting€judicial€relief,€how€will€the€court€know€that€theŠ ` ° Šagency€is€contesting€the€expungement,€unless€the€agency€files€anŠ  \  Šanswer?€€Judge€Heller€noted€that€this€is€already€in€the€Rule.€Š ø  ŠMs.€Andrew€is€making€sure€that€failure€to€file€a€notice€of€denialŠ d“  Šconstitutes€a€consent€to€the€expungement.€€€Š `  Šą  ąThe€Chair€asked€again€how€the€court€will€know€that€theŠ ¼  Šagency€denied€the€application.€€The€Vice€Chair€responded€that€inŠ hø Šthe€response€to€the€applicant,€the€agency€refuses€to€expunge€theŠ d Šrecord.€€She€pointed€out€that€section€(a)€is€misnamed,€because€itŠ Ą Šrefers€also€to€a€notice€of€denial.€€Ms.€Potter€inquired€if€it€isŠ l¼ Ša€notice€or€an€answer.€€The€Vice€Chair€replied€that€the€StateššsŠ h ŠAttorney€files€an€answer.€€She€asked€whether€the€law€enforcementŠ Ä Šagency€is€a€party€to€this€proceeding,€if€the€agency€denied€theŠ pĄ  Šapplication€for€expungement.€€The€Chair€answered€that€the€agencyŠ !l" Šis€a€party.€€The€Vice€Chair€inquired€if€the€law€enforcementŠ Č"$ Šagency€is€represented€by€the€Office€of€the€Stateššs€Attorney.€Š t$Ä& ŠJudge€Heller€noted€that€Rule€4„504,€Petition€for€Expungement€WhenŠ  &p!( ŠCharges€Filed,€provides€that€the€petition€shall€be€served€on€theŠ Ģ'#* ŠStateššs€Attorney€and€each€law€enforcement€agency€named€in€theŠ x)Č$, Špetition.€€The€law€enforcement€agency€could€be€the€policeŠ $+t&. Šdepartment,€which€is€not€necessarily€represented€by€the€StateššsŠ Š, (0 ŠAttorney.€€Š |.Ģ)2 Šą  ąThe€Chair€suggested€that€the€Rule€could€provide€that€if€theŠ ° Šperson€who€seeks€expungement€goes€to€court,€the€person€who€isŠ \¬ Šopposed€to€the€expungement€should€answer€the€petition.€€The€ideaŠ X Šof€the€Rule€may€be€that€the€court€will€know€that€the€agencyŠ “  Šdenied€the€application,€because€a€person€would€not€come€to€courtŠ ` ° Šunless€that€happened,€but€under€proper€judicial€administration,Š  \  Šan€answer€is€filed€explaining€why€the€person€is€not€entitled€toŠ ø  Šthe€expungement.€€The€Vice€Chair€remarked€that€the€application€isŠ d“  Šsimilar€to€a€complaint.€€The€agency€files€an€answer€or€a€timelyŠ `  Šnotice€of€denial.€€The€Rule€could€provide€that€the€agency€shallŠ ¼  Šfile€an€answer€if€one€was€not€previously€filed.€€DelegateŠ hø ŠVallario€observed€that€a€notice€of€denial€is€not€really€anŠ d Šanswer.€€Š Ą Šą  ąThe€Chair€suggested€that€the€following€language€be€removedŠ l¼ Šfrom€section€(a):€€š šif€it€has€not€previously€filed€a€timelyŠ h Šnotice€of€denial.šš€€He€also€suggested€deleting€the€new€languageŠ Ä Šfrom€section€(d).€€He€inquired€as€to€how€the€court€can€considerŠ pĄ  Šwhether€to€grant€relief€if€the€notice€of€denial€served€on€theŠ !l" Šdefendant„petitioner€is€not€before€the€court.€€Mr.€Klein€pointedŠ Č"$ Šout€that€Form€4„503.3,€Application€for€Expungement€of€PoliceŠ t$Ä& ŠRecord,€has€a€check„off€box€indicating€that€the€notice€of€denialŠ  &p!( Šof€request€for€expungement€is€attached€to€the€application.€€TheŠ Ģ'#* Šburden€is€on€the€applicant€to€show€the€existence€of€the€notice€ofŠ x)Č$, Šdenial.€€The€Vice€Chair€pointed€out€that€the€application€is€likeŠ $+t&. Šan€initiating€complaint,€and€the€petition€is€filed€after€chargesŠ Š, (0 Šhave€been€filed.€€Mr.€Shipley€added€that€the€application€is€filedŠ |.Ģ)2 Šwith€the€law€enforcement€agency;€once€the€agency€denies€theŠ ° Šapplication,€then€the€applicant€files€with€the€court.€€JudgeŠ \¬ ŠMissouri€noted€that€section€(a)€of€Rule€4„505€only€applies€whereŠ X Šthe€person€has€been€arrested,€but€not€charged.€€€Š “  Šą  ąThe€Reporter€suggested€that€the€word€š šfiledšš€be€changed€toŠ ` ° Šthe€word€š šissued,šš€because€there€is€no€case€in€which€the€noticeŠ  \  Šof€denial€could€have€been€ššfiled.šš€€Mr.€Sykes€again€asked€theŠ ø  Šquestion€previously€posed€by€the€Chairš!šhow€does€the€court€knowŠ d“  Šthat€the€agency€previously€denied€the€application?€€The€ReporterŠ `  Šanswered€that€there€are€two€situations€in€which€an€applicationŠ ¼  Šwould€be€filed€with€the€court:€€either€the€agency€denied€theŠ hø Šapplication€or€the€agency€took€no€action.€€Section€(a)€addressesŠ d Šboth.€€The€applicant€may€be€in€legal€limbo€if€the€agency€neverŠ Ą Šnotified€the€applicant€of€its€decision.€€If€the€applicant€goes€toŠ l¼ Šcourt,€he€or€she€would€check€the€appropriate€box€in€paragraph€4Š h Šof€Form€4„503.3.€€Judge€Heller€expressed€the€view€that€the€burdenŠ Ä Šshould€not€be€on€the€agency.€€It€is€a€good€idea€for€the€applicantŠ pĄ  Što€file€something€to€give€the€judge€an€understanding€of€what€tookŠ !l" Šplace€previously.€€€€Š Č"$ Šą  ąThe€Chair€questioned€as€to€why€the€law€enforcement€agencyŠ t$Ä& Šshould€not€be€required€to€file€an€answer.€€The€Vice€Chair,Š  &p!( Šspeaking€on€behalf€of€agencies,€explained€that€an€agency€would€beŠ Ģ'#* Šburdened€and€should€only€have€to€file€an€answer€if€the€agencyŠ x)Č$, Šneeds€to€say€something€else.€€The€Vice€Chair€expressed€herŠ $+t&. Šagreement€with€the€Reporterššs€suggestion€to€substitute€the€wordŠ Š, (0 Šš šissuedšš€for€the€word€š šfiledšš€in€subsection€(a).€€The€CommitteeŠ |.Ģ)2 Šagreed€by€consensus€to€this€suggestion.€€€Š ° Šą  ąMr.€Sykes€suggested€that€section€(d)€should€be€changed€toŠ \¬ Šread:€š šThe€failure€of€a€law€enforcement€agency€or€StateššsŠ X ŠAttorney€to€issue€a€notice€of€denial€or€to€file€an€answer€withinŠ “  Šthe€30€day€period€constitutes€a€consent€to€the€expungement€asŠ ` ° Šrequested.šš€€The€Chair€pointed€out€that€the€agency€may€issue€aŠ  \  Šnotice€of€denial,€but€the€court€may€not€know€that€it€has€beenŠ ø  Šissued,€and€interprets€the€agencyššs€lack€of€action€as€a€consentŠ d“  Što€the€expungement.€€To€avoid€the€court€expunging€a€seriousŠ `  Šcriminal€record,€the€agency€should€file€an€answer€or€a€copy€ofŠ ¼  Šthe€notice€of€denial.€€Judge€Missouri€remarked€that€the€bestŠ hø Šinformation€is€from€the€law€enforcement€agency.€€It€is€a€greaterŠ d Šburden€for€the€agency€to€have€to€file€with€the€court€when€it€hasŠ Ą Šalready€issued€a€denial.€€Mr.€Sykes€said€that€once€a€case€is€inŠ l¼ Šcourt,€within€30€days,€the€agency€should€have€to€file€either€aŠ h Šcopy€of€the€original€notice€of€denial€or€an€answer€which€wouldŠ Ä Šamplify€the€notice€of€denial.€€Š pĄ  Šą  ąThe€Chair€commented€that€if€the€agency€does€not€have€to€fileŠ !l" Šan€answer,€the€problem€that€is€created€is€that€the€court€may€notŠ Č"$ Šknow€about€the€previous€denial,€and€it€may€allow€the€expungement.€Š t$Ä& ŠJudge€Norton€observed€that€it€is€not€a€burden€to€require€theŠ  &p!( Šagency€to€file€an€answer€if€the€agency€objects€to€theŠ Ģ'#* Šexpungement.€€In€the€vast€majority€of€the€cases,€no€one€objects,Š x)Č$, Šso€the€expungement€is€granted.€€From€an€agency€point€of€view,Š $+t&. Švery€few€cases€are€contested.€€Š Š, (0 Šą  ąThe€Chair€agreed€with€Ms.€Andrewššs€point€that€sections€(a)Š |.Ģ)2 Šand€(d)€are€inconsistent.€€He€suggested€that€Ms.€Andrew€be€askedŠ ° Šabout€the€suggestion€that€the€agency€should€be€required€to€fileŠ \¬ Šan€answer€if€the€agency€wants€to€contest€the€expungement.€€Š X ŠDelegate€Vallario€added€that€the€agency€could€also€file€a€copy€ofŠ “  Šthe€notice€of€denial.€€The€Reporter€pointed€out€that€this€problemŠ ` ° Šshould€be€self„correcting€if€the€Notice€of€Denial€is€attached€toŠ  \  Šthe€application€for€expungement,€as€required€by€Form€4„503.3.€€IfŠ ø  Šno€Notice€of€Denial€was€issued,€sections€(c)€and€(d)€of€Rule€4„Š d“  Š503,€Application€for€Expungement€When€No€Charges€Filed,€provideŠ `  Šfor€service€of€copies€of€the€application€on€the€Stateššs€AttorneyŠ ¼  Šand€the€law€enforcement€agencies.€€If€no€Notice€of€Denial€isŠ hø Šattached,€the€Notice€of€Hearing€form,€Form€4„503.4€is€served€onŠ d Šthe€Stateššs€Attorney€and€on€the€agency,€which€will€be€ordered€toŠ Ą Šgive€an€answer€if€the€Stateššs€Attorney€or€agency€wishes€to€opposeŠ l¼ Šthe€expungement.€€The€Vice€Chair€commented€that€it€does€not€hurt